Bia National Park - Revision history

WikiEdit at 21:52, 15 October 2026

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	<span id="R00136"></span>UNEP-WCMC & IUCN. (2019). Protected Planet: Bia National Park; The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA)/The Global Database on Protected Areas Management Effectiveness (GD-PAME). UNEP-WCMC and IUCN. https://www.protectedplanet.net		<span id="R00136"></span>UNEP-WCMC & IUCN. (2019). Protected Planet: Bia National Park; The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA)/The Global Database on Protected Areas Management Effectiveness (GD-PAME). UNEP-WCMC and IUCN. https://www.protectedplanet.net

	<span id="R02152"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), ~~1-19~~. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]		<span id="R02152"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), e0000345. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]



	'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2019-11-25		'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2019-11-25

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	<span id="R00136"></span>UNEP-WCMC & IUCN. (2019). Protected Planet: Bia National Park; The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA)/The Global Database on Protected Areas Management Effectiveness (GD-PAME). UNEP-WCMC and IUCN. https://www.protectedplanet.net		<span id="R00136"></span>UNEP-WCMC & IUCN. (2019). Protected Planet: Bia National Park; The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA)/The Global Database on Protected Areas Management Effectiveness (GD-PAME). UNEP-WCMC and IUCN. https://www.protectedplanet.net

	<span id="R02152"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), ~~e0000345~~. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]		<span id="R02152"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), 1-19. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]



	'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2019-11-25		'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2019-11-25

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	\|[[#R00133\|Gatti 2010]]		\|[[#R00133\|Gatti 2010]]
	\|Reconnaissance walks were also conducted, and the total survey effort was 1411.26 km		\|Reconnaissance walks were also conducted, and the total survey effort was 1411.26 km
	\|GHA0001, GHA0007, GHA0012, GHA0013, GHA0015, GHA0024, GHA0027, GHA0028, GHA0029		\|GHA0001, GHA0007<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="+7 more" data-collapsetext="less">GHA0012, GHA0013, GHA0015, GHA0024, GHA0027, GHA0028, GHA0029</div>
	\|}		\|}

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Show changes

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	= Exposure to climate change impacts =		= Exposure to climate change impacts =

	As part of a study on the exposure of African great ape sites to climate change impacts, Kiribou et al. ~~subm.~~ extracted climate data and data on projected extreme climate impact events for the site. Climatological characteristics were derived from observation-based climate data provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP, www.isimip.org). Parameters were calculated as the average across each 30-year period. For 1981-2010, the EWEMBI dataset from ISIMIP2a was used. For the two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2099) ISIMIP2b climate data based on four CMIP5 global climate models were used. For future projections, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) were used. RCP 2.6 is a scenario with strong mitigation measures in which global temperatures would likely rise below 2C. RCP 6.0 is a scenario with medium emissions in which global temperatures would likely rise up to 3C by 2100. For the number of days with heavy precipitation events, the 98th percentile of all precipitation days (>1mm/d) was calculated for the 1979-2013 reference period as a threshold for a heavy precipitation event. Then, for each year, the number of days above that threshold was derived. The figures on temperature and precipitation anomaly show the deviation from the mean temperature and mean precipitation for the 1979-2013 reference period.		As part of a study on the exposure of African great ape sites to climate change impacts, Kiribou et al. (2024) extracted climate data and data on projected extreme climate impact events for the site. Climatological characteristics were derived from observation-based climate data provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP, www.isimip.org). Parameters were calculated as the average across each 30-year period. For 1981-2010, the EWEMBI dataset from ISIMIP2a was used. For the two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2099) ISIMIP2b climate data based on four CMIP5 global climate models were used. For future projections, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) were used. RCP 2.6 is a scenario with strong mitigation measures in which global temperatures would likely rise below 2C. RCP 6.0 is a scenario with medium emissions in which global temperatures would likely rise up to 3C by 2100. For the number of days with heavy precipitation events, the 98th percentile of all precipitation days (>1mm/d) was calculated for the 1979-2013 reference period as a threshold for a heavy precipitation event. Then, for each year, the number of days above that threshold was derived. The figures on temperature and precipitation anomaly show the deviation from the mean temperature and mean precipitation for the 1979-2013 reference period.

	The estimated exposure to future extreme climate impact events (crop failure, drought, river flood, wildfire, tropical cyclone, and heatwave) is based on a published dataset by Lange et al. 2020 derived from ISIMIP2b data. The same global climate models and RCPs as described above were used. Within each 30-year period, the number of years with an extreme event and the average proportion of the site affected were calculated (~~see~~ Kiribou et al. ~~subm. for details~~).		The estimated exposure to future extreme climate impact events (crop failure, drought, river flood, wildfire, tropical cyclone, and heatwave) is based on a published dataset by Lange et al. 2020 derived from ISIMIP2b data. The same global climate models and RCPs as described above were used. Within each 30-year period, the number of years with an extreme event and the average proportion of the site affected were calculated (Kiribou et al. 2024).

	'''Table 8. Estimated past and projected climatological characteristics in Bia National Park'''		'''Table 8. Estimated past and projected climatological characteristics in Bia National Park'''

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	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan troglodytes verus''		\|''Pan troglodytes verus''
	\|~~2009~~		\|2012-2013
	\|Present		\|Present
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
	\|Bia National Park ~~and Bia Resource Reserve~~		\|Bia National Park
	\|Line transects		\|Line transects
	\|		\|
	\|~~Danquah et al. 2012~~		\|PanAf 2019
	\|~~Presence confirmed in the sourthern part of the resource reserve~~		\|Abundance estimate was not published
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan troglodytes verus''		\|''Pan troglodytes verus''
	\|~~2012-2013~~		\|2009
	\|Present		\|Present
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
	\|Bia National Park		\|Bia National Park and Bia Resource Reserve
	\|Line transects		\|Line transects
	\|		\|
	\|~~PanAf 2019~~		\|Danquah et al. 2012
	\|~~Abundance estimate was not published~~		\|Presence confirmed in the sourthern part of the resource reserve
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
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	= References =		= References =

	AfriMAB, Pool-Stanvliet, R., & Clüsener-Godt, M. (Eds.). (2013) Biosphere reserves in sub-~~saharan~~ Africa: ~~showcasing~~ sustainable development. ~~Pretoria:~~ Department of Environmental Affairs.		AfriMAB, Pool-Stanvliet, R., & Clüsener-Godt, M. (Eds.). (2013). Biosphere reserves in sub-Saharan Africa: Showcasing sustainable development. Department of Environmental Affairs. <br>

	Danquah, E., Oppong, S.K., Akom, E., ~~and~~ Sam, M. (2012) Preliminary ~~Survey~~ of ~~Chimpanzees~~ and ~~Threatened Monkeys~~ in the Bia-Goaso Forest Block in ~~Southwestern~~ Ghana. African Primates 7 (2)~~: 163-174~~.		Danquah, E., Oppong, S. K., Akom, E., & Sam, M. (2012). Preliminary survey of chimpanzees and threatened monkeys in the Bia-Goaso Forest Block in southwestern Ghana. African Primates, 7(2), 163–174. <br>

	Danquah, E. & Oppong, S. (2013) Elephant population trends and associated factors: a review of the situation in western Ghana. Pachyderm 53~~(53):81-90~~.		Danquah, E., & Oppong, S. (2013). Elephant population trends and associated factors: A review of the situation in western Ghana. Pachyderm, 53, 81–90. <br>

	Dowsett-Lemaire F. & Dowsett R.J. (2011) Ornithological surveys in Bia National Park and Resource Reserve, Ghana (January 2005, December 2009 and ~~Septem- ber~~ 2010). Dowsett-Lemaire ~~Misc. Rep.~~ 73: 27 pp. https://www.fcghana.org/page.php?page=268&section=32&typ=1&subs=274		Dowsett-Lemaire, F., & Dowsett, R. J. (2011). Ornithological surveys in Bia National Park and Resource Reserve, Ghana (January 2005, December 2009 and September 2010). Dowsett-Lemaire Miscellaneous Report, 73, 27 pp. https://www.fcghana.org/page.php?page=268&section=32&typ=1&subs=274 <br>

	Gatti, S. (2010) Community Forest Biodiversity Project: Status of primate populations in ~~Protected Areas~~ targeted under CFBP~~.W APCA~~ and WD/FC, Accra. p. 42.		Gatti, S. (2010). Community Forest Biodiversity Project: Status of primate populations in protected areas targeted under CFBP, WAPCA and WD/FC, Accra. p. 42. <br>

	Kormos, R., Boesch, C., Bakarr, M.I. ~~and~~ Butynski, T. (~~eds~~.) (2003) West African ~~Chimpanzees.~~ Status ~~Survey~~ and ~~Conservation Action Plan~~. IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group. IUCN~~, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK~~.		Kormos, R., Boesch, C., Bakarr, M. I., & Butynski, T. (Eds.). (2003). West African chimpanzees: Status survey and conservation action plan. IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group. IUCN. <br>

	PanAf (2019) Pan African Programme: The Cultured Chimpanzee. ~~Online: [~~http://panafrican.eva.mpg.de/ ~~panafrican.eva.mpg.de]~~		PanAf. (2019). Pan African Programme: The Cultured Chimpanzee. http://panafrican.eva.mpg.de/ <br>

	UNEP-WCMC ~~and~~ IUCN (2019) Protected Planet: [Bia National Park; The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA)/The Global Database on Protected Areas Management Effectiveness (GD-PAME)~~] [On-line], [11/2019], Cambridge, UK:~~ UNEP-WCMC and IUCN. ~~Available at~~: www.protectedplanet.net.		UNEP-WCMC & IUCN. (2019). Protected Planet: Bia National Park; The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA)/The Global Database on Protected Areas Management Effectiveness (GD-PAME). UNEP-WCMC and IUCN. https://www.protectedplanet.net <br>



	'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2019-11-25		'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2019-11-25

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	\|-		\|-
	\|2 Resources and capacity		\|2 Resources and capacity
	\|2.~~3 General lack~~ of ~~funding~~		\|2.2 Lack of staff
	\|Quansah P. K., pers. comm. 2025		\|Quansah P. K., pers. comm. 2025
	\|Ongoing 2025		\|Ongoing 2025
	\|-		\|-
	\|2 Resources and capacity		\|2 Resources and capacity
	\|2.~~2 Lack~~ of ~~staff~~		\|2.3 General lack of funding
	\|Quansah P. K., pers. comm. 2025		\|Quansah P. K., pers. comm. 2025
	\|Ongoing 2025		\|Ongoing 2025

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	* Conservation activities at the site focus on law enforcement.		* Conservation activities at the site focus on law enforcement.
	* The site is a UNESCO Biospshere Reserve.		* The site is a UNESCO Biospshere Reserve.





	= Site characteristics =		= Site characteristics =

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	\|The site is designated as a national park since 1974 (Dowsett-Lemaire & Dowsett 2011)		\|The site is designated as a national park since 1974 (Dowsett-Lemaire & Dowsett 2011)
	\|		\|
	\|1974-Ongoing (~~2024~~)		\|1974-Ongoing (2026)
	\|}		\|}

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	!Implementing organization(s)		!Implementing organization(s)
	!Year of activity		!Year of activity
			\|-
			\|2 Counter-wildlife crime
			\|2.3 Conduct regular anti-poaching patrols
			\|As part of the Protected Areas Development Programme Phase II (PADP II), patrol staff were trained for increased law enforcement (AfriMAB 2013)
			\|
			\|Ongoing (2013)
	\|-		\|-
	\|5 Protection & restoration		\|5 Protection & restoration
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	\|		\|
	\|1974-Ongoing (2024)		\|1974-Ongoing (2024)
	\|-
	~~\|2 Counter-wildlife crime~~
	~~\|2.3 Conduct regular anti-poaching patrols~~
	~~\|As part of the Protected Areas Development Programme Phase II (PADP II), patrol staff were trained for increased law enforcement (AfriMAB 2013)~~
	\|
	~~\|Ongoing (2013)~~
	\|}		\|}