Ise Forest Reserve - Revision history

WikiEdit at 21:53, 15 October 2026

2026-10-15T21:53:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:53, 15 October 2026
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	<span id="R00773"></span>Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme. [http://cameroun-foret.com/system/files/18_13_132.pdf link]		<span id="R00773"></span>Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme. [http://cameroun-foret.com/system/files/18_13_132.pdf link]

	<span id="R02214"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), ~~1-19~~. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]		<span id="R02214"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), e0000345. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]



	'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2023-03-03		'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2023-03-03

WikiEdit at 14:34, 15 October 2026

2026-10-15T14:34:16Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:34, 15 October 2026
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	<span id="R00773"></span>Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme. [http://cameroun-foret.com/system/files/18_13_132.pdf link]		<span id="R00773"></span>Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme. [http://cameroun-foret.com/system/files/18_13_132.pdf link]

	<span id="R02214"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), ~~e0000345~~. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]		<span id="R02214"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), 1-19. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]



	'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2023-03-03		'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2023-03-03

WikiEdit at 20:28, 12 October 2026

2026-10-12T20:28:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:28, 12 October 2026
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	= Ape status =		= Ape status =

	In 2006, the eastern side of the reserve, composed of regenerated forest, was surveyed. Chimpanzees were regularly heard and sighted. Reports of sightings of 4-6 individuals and the presence of two nesting sites with 5 nests each, suggests that at least 5 individuals inhabit the area; it is probable that the site could support 10 or more individuals (Greengrass 2006). However, the population trend is decreasing due to high hunting pressure and habitat degradation caused by logging activities (Greengrass 2006).		In 2006, the eastern side of the reserve, composed of regenerated forest, was surveyed. Chimpanzees were regularly heard and sighted. Reports of sightings of 4-6 individuals and the presence of two nesting sites with 5 nests each, suggests that at least 5 individuals inhabit the area; it is probable that the site could support 10 or more individuals ([[#R00773\|Greengrass 2006]]). However, the population trend is decreasing due to high hunting pressure and habitat degradation caused by logging activities ([[#R00773\|Greengrass 2006]]).

	'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Ise Forest Reserve'''		'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Ise Forest Reserve'''
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	\|Reconnaissance walk		\|Reconnaissance walk
	\|		\|
	\|Greengrass 2006		\|[[#R00773\|Greengrass 2006]]
	\|2 nesting sites observed, with 5 nests each.		\|2 nesting sites observed, with 5 nests each.
	\|		\|
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	= Threats =		= Threats =

	High hunting and logging pressure are the main threats to chimpanzees in the reserve. Relative to nearby protected areas, Ise forest reserve has been less impacted by logging and agriculture. However, these threats are increasing, putting wildlife and chimpanzees in the reserve at greater risk (Greengrass 2006).		High hunting and logging pressure are the main threats to chimpanzees in the reserve. Relative to nearby protected areas, Ise forest reserve has been less impacted by logging and agriculture. However, these threats are increasing, putting wildlife and chimpanzees in the reserve at greater risk ([[#R00773\|Greengrass 2006]]).

	'''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Ise Forest Reserve'''		'''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Ise Forest Reserve'''
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	\|5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals		\|5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
	\|High (more than 70% of population affected)		\|High (more than 70% of population affected)
	\|High hunting pressure; for instance, in 2005 a chimpanzee mother was killed and her baby captured (Greengrass 2006).		\|High hunting pressure; for instance, in 2005 a chimpanzee mother was killed and her baby captured ([[#R00773\|Greengrass 2006]]).
	\|Ongoing (2006)		\|Ongoing (2006)
	\|-		\|-
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	\|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting		\|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
	\|High (more than 70% of population affected)		\|High (more than 70% of population affected)
	\|Logging pressure is intense and increasing (Greengrass 2006).		\|Logging pressure is intense and increasing ([[#R00773\|Greengrass 2006]]).
	\|Ongoing (2006)		\|Ongoing (2006)
	\|}		\|}
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	= Exposure to climate change impacts =		= Exposure to climate change impacts =

	As part of a study on the exposure of African great ape sites to climate change impacts, Kiribou et al. (2024) extracted climate data and data on projected extreme climate impact events for the site. Climatological characteristics were derived from observation-based climate data provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP, www.isimip.org). Parameters were calculated as the average across each 30-year period. For 1981-2010, the EWEMBI dataset from ISIMIP2a was used. For the two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2099) ISIMIP2b climate data based on four CMIP5 global climate models were used. For future projections, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) were used. RCP 2.6 is a scenario with strong mitigation measures in which global temperatures would likely rise below 2C. RCP 6.0 is a scenario with medium emissions in which global temperatures would likely rise up to 3C by 2100. For the number of days with heavy precipitation events, the 98th percentile of all precipitation days (>1mm/d) was calculated for the 1979-2013 reference period as a threshold for a heavy precipitation event. Then, for each year, the number of days above that threshold was derived. The figures on temperature and precipitation anomaly show the deviation from the mean temperature and mean precipitation for the 1979-2013 reference period.		As part of a study on the exposure of African great ape sites to climate change impacts, [[#R02214\|Kiribou et al. (2024)]] extracted climate data and data on projected extreme climate impact events for the site. Climatological characteristics were derived from observation-based climate data provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP, www.isimip.org). Parameters were calculated as the average across each 30-year period. For 1981-2010, the EWEMBI dataset from ISIMIP2a was used. For the two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2099) ISIMIP2b climate data based on four CMIP5 global climate models were used. For future projections, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) were used. RCP 2.6 is a scenario with strong mitigation measures in which global temperatures would likely rise below 2C. RCP 6.0 is a scenario with medium emissions in which global temperatures would likely rise up to 3C by 2100. For the number of days with heavy precipitation events, the 98th percentile of all precipitation days (>1mm/d) was calculated for the 1979-2013 reference period as a threshold for a heavy precipitation event. Then, for each year, the number of days above that threshold was derived. The figures on temperature and precipitation anomaly show the deviation from the mean temperature and mean precipitation for the 1979-2013 reference period.

	The estimated exposure to future extreme climate impact events (crop failure, drought, river flood, wildfire, tropical cyclone, and heatwave) is based on a published dataset by Lange et al. 2020 derived from ISIMIP2b data. The same global climate models and RCPs as described above were used. Within each 30-year period, the number of years with an extreme event and the average proportion of the site affected were calculated (Kiribou et al. 2024).		The estimated exposure to future extreme climate impact events (crop failure, drought, river flood, wildfire, tropical cyclone, and heatwave) is based on a published dataset by Lange et al. 2020 derived from ISIMIP2b data. The same global climate models and RCPs as described above were used. Within each 30-year period, the number of years with an extreme event and the average proportion of the site affected were calculated ([[#R02214\|Kiribou et al. 2024]]).

	'''Table 8. Estimated past and projected climatological characteristics in Ise Forest Reserve'''		'''Table 8. Estimated past and projected climatological characteristics in Ise Forest Reserve'''
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	= References =		= References =

	Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme.		<span id="R00773"></span>Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme. [http://cameroun-foret.com/system/files/18_13_132.pdf link]

			<span id="R02214"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), e0000345. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]



	'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2023-03-03		'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2023-03-03

WikiEdit at 12:15, 3 September 2026

2026-09-03T12:15:40Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:15, 3 September 2026
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	= Exposure to climate change impacts =		= Exposure to climate change impacts =

	As part of a study on the exposure of African great ape sites to climate change impacts, Kiribou et al. ~~subm.~~ extracted climate data and data on projected extreme climate impact events for the site. Climatological characteristics were derived from observation-based climate data provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP, www.isimip.org). Parameters were calculated as the average across each 30-year period. For 1981-2010, the EWEMBI dataset from ISIMIP2a was used. For the two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2099) ISIMIP2b climate data based on four CMIP5 global climate models were used. For future projections, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) were used. RCP 2.6 is a scenario with strong mitigation measures in which global temperatures would likely rise below 2C. RCP 6.0 is a scenario with medium emissions in which global temperatures would likely rise up to 3C by 2100. For the number of days with heavy precipitation events, the 98th percentile of all precipitation days (>1mm/d) was calculated for the 1979-2013 reference period as a threshold for a heavy precipitation event. Then, for each year, the number of days above that threshold was derived. The figures on temperature and precipitation anomaly show the deviation from the mean temperature and mean precipitation for the 1979-2013 reference period.		As part of a study on the exposure of African great ape sites to climate change impacts, Kiribou et al. (2024) extracted climate data and data on projected extreme climate impact events for the site. Climatological characteristics were derived from observation-based climate data provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP, www.isimip.org). Parameters were calculated as the average across each 30-year period. For 1981-2010, the EWEMBI dataset from ISIMIP2a was used. For the two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2099) ISIMIP2b climate data based on four CMIP5 global climate models were used. For future projections, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) were used. RCP 2.6 is a scenario with strong mitigation measures in which global temperatures would likely rise below 2C. RCP 6.0 is a scenario with medium emissions in which global temperatures would likely rise up to 3C by 2100. For the number of days with heavy precipitation events, the 98th percentile of all precipitation days (>1mm/d) was calculated for the 1979-2013 reference period as a threshold for a heavy precipitation event. Then, for each year, the number of days above that threshold was derived. The figures on temperature and precipitation anomaly show the deviation from the mean temperature and mean precipitation for the 1979-2013 reference period.

	The estimated exposure to future extreme climate impact events (crop failure, drought, river flood, wildfire, tropical cyclone, and heatwave) is based on a published dataset by Lange et al. 2020 derived from ISIMIP2b data. The same global climate models and RCPs as described above were used. Within each 30-year period, the number of years with an extreme event and the average proportion of the site affected were calculated (~~see~~ Kiribou et al. ~~subm. for details~~).		The estimated exposure to future extreme climate impact events (crop failure, drought, river flood, wildfire, tropical cyclone, and heatwave) is based on a published dataset by Lange et al. 2020 derived from ISIMIP2b data. The same global climate models and RCPs as described above were used. Within each 30-year period, the number of years with an extreme event and the average proportion of the site affected were calculated (Kiribou et al. 2024).

	'''Table 8. Estimated past and projected climatological characteristics in Ise Forest Reserve'''		'''Table 8. Estimated past and projected climatological characteristics in Ise Forest Reserve'''

WikiEdit at 14:44, 25 March 2026

2026-03-25T14:44:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:44, 25 March 2026
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	* Key threats to chimpanzees are logging and hunting.		* Key threats to chimpanzees are logging and hunting.
	* Conservation activities are not documented.		* Conservation activities are not documented.

WikiEdit at 07:06, 6 November 2025

2025-11-06T07:06:57Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:06, 6 November 2025
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	<div><ul><li style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top;"> [[File:PrecipAnomaly_Ise-Ekiti_FR.png\| 450px \| thumb\| none \| Precipitation anomaly ~~inIse~~ Forest Reserve]] </li><li style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top;"> [[File:TempAnomaly_Ise-Ekiti_FR.png \| 450px \| thumb\| none \| Temperature anomaly ~~inIse~~ Forest Reserve]] </li></ul></div>		<div><ul><li style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top;"> [[File:PrecipAnomaly_Ise-Ekiti_FR.png\| 450px \| thumb\| none \| Precipitation anomaly in Ise Forest Reserve]] </li><li style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top;"> [[File:TempAnomaly_Ise-Ekiti_FR.png \| 450px \| thumb\| none \| Temperature anomaly in Ise Forest Reserve]] </li></ul></div>

	= External links =		= External links =

WikiEdit at 06:50, 6 November 2025

2025-11-06T06:50:34Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:50, 6 November 2025
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	* Key threats to chimpanzees are logging and hunting.		* Key threats to chimpanzees are logging and hunting.
	* Conservation activities are not documented.		* Conservation activities are not documented.



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	[[Types of sites]] [[Governance types]] [[Habitat types]]		[[Types of sites]] [[Governance types]] [[Habitat types]]

	= Ape status =		= Ape status =

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	[[Sampling methods]] [[Analytical frameworks]]		[[Sampling methods]] [[Analytical frameworks]]

	= Threats =		= Threats =

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	[[Threats]]		[[Threats]]

	= Conservation activities =		= Conservation activities =



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	[[Challenges]]		[[Challenges]]

	= Enablers =		= Enablers =

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	[[Enablers]]		[[Enablers]]

	= Research activities =		= Research activities =



Line 201:		Line 209:

	[[Behaviours]]		[[Behaviours]]

	= Exposure to climate change impacts =		= Exposure to climate change impacts =

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	\|}		\|}


			<div><ul><li style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top;"> [[File:PrecipAnomaly_Ise-Ekiti_FR.png\| 450px \| thumb\| none \| Precipitation anomaly inIse Forest Reserve]] </li><li style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top;"> [[File:TempAnomaly_Ise-Ekiti_FR.png \| 450px \| thumb\| none \| Temperature anomaly inIse Forest Reserve]] </li></ul></div>

	= External links =		= External links =

WikiEdit at 08:14, 31 October 2025

2025-10-31T08:14:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:14, 31 October 2025
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	\|5.9		\|5.9
	\|8.9		\|8.9
	\|8.~~8000000000000007~~		\|8.8
	\|9		\|9
	\|9.~~8000000000000007~~		\|9.8
	\|}		\|}

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	\|Crop failure		\|Crop failure
	\|4.5		\|4.5
	\|0.~~57999999999999996~~		\|0.58
	\|4.5		\|4.5
	\|1.03		\|1.03
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	\|1.3		\|1.3
	\|11.5		\|11.5
	\|1.~~1200000000000001~~		\|1.12
	\|-		\|-
	\|Drought		\|Drought

WikiEdit: Created page with "West Africa > Nigeria > Ise Forest Reserve '''[https://apesatlas-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Ise_Forest_Reserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Français]''' | '''[https://apesatlas-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Ise_Forest_Reserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=pt&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Português]''' | '''[https://apesatlas-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Ise_Forest_Reserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=es..."

2025-10-30T17:52:08Z

Created page with "West Africa > Nigeria > Ise Forest Reserve '''[https://apesatlas-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Ise_Forest_Reserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Français]''' | '''[https://apesatlas-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Ise_Forest_Reserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=pt&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Português]''' | '''[https://apesatlas-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Ise_Forest_Reserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=es..."

New page

[[West Africa]] > [[Nigeria]] > [[Ise Forest Reserve]]

'''[https://apesatlas-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Ise_Forest_Reserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Français]''' | '''[https://apesatlas-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Ise_Forest_Reserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=pt&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Português]''' | '''[https://apesatlas-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Ise_Forest_Reserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=es&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Español]''' | '''[https://apesatlas-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Ise_Forest_Reserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=id&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Bahasa Indonesia]''' | '''[https://apesatlas-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Ise_Forest_Reserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=ms&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Melayu]'''

__TOC__
= Summary =

<div style='float: right'>{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers=OpenStreetMap,OpenTopoMap|7.393197, 5.382600~[[Ise Forest Reserve]]~''Pan troglodytes ellioti''}}</div>
* Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes ellioti'') are present in Ise Forest Reserve.
* The population size is unknown; in 2006 at least 5 individuals occurred in the reserve.
* The chimpanzee population trend is decreasing.
* The site has a total size of 62 km².
* Key threats to chimpanzees are logging and hunting.
* Conservation activities are not documented.

= Site characteristics =

Ise Forest Reserve is a small reserve in Ekiti State, Nigeria.

'''Table 1. Basic site information for Ise Forest Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
|Species
|''Pan troglodytes ellioti''
|-
|Area
|62 km²
|-
|Coordinates
|Lat: 7.393197 , Lon: 5.382600
|-
|Type of site
|Protected area (Forest Reserve)
|-
|Habitat types
|Subtropical/tropical heavily degraded forest
|-
|Type of governance
|
|}

[[Types of sites]] [[Governance types]] [[Habitat types]]
= Ape status =

In 2006, the eastern side of the reserve, composed of regenerated forest, was surveyed. Chimpanzees were regularly heard and sighted. Reports of sightings of 4-6 individuals and the presence of two nesting sites with 5 nests each, suggests that at least 5 individuals inhabit the area; it is probable that the site could support 10 or more individuals (Greengrass 2006). However, the population trend is decreasing due to high hunting pressure and habitat degradation caused by logging activities (Greengrass 2006).

'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Ise Forest Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Ape_status-table"
!Species
!Year
!Occurrence
!Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)
!Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
!Abundance estimate (95% CI)
!Survey area
!Sampling method
!Analytical framework
!Source
!Comments
!A.P.E.S. database ID
|-
|''Pan troglodytes ellioti''
|2006
|Present
|
|
|
|Ise Forest Reserve, eastern side
|Reconnaissance walk
|
|Greengrass 2006
|2 nesting sites observed, with 5 nests each.
|
|}

[[Sampling methods]] [[Analytical frameworks]]
= Threats =

High hunting and logging pressure are the main threats to chimpanzees in the reserve. Relative to nearby protected areas, Ise forest reserve has been less impacted by logging and agriculture. However, these threats are increasing, putting wildlife and chimpanzees in the reserve at greater risk (Greengrass 2006).

'''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Ise Forest Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Threats-table"
!Category
!Specific threats
!Threat level
!Description
!Year of threat
|-
|5 Biological resource use
|5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
|High hunting pressure; for instance, in 2005 a chimpanzee mother was killed and her baby captured (Greengrass 2006).
|Ongoing (2006)
|-
|5 Biological resource use
|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
|Logging pressure is intense and increasing (Greengrass 2006).
|Ongoing (2006)
|}

[[Threats]]
= Conservation activities =

= Challenges =

'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Ise Forest Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Challenges-table"
!Challenges
!Specific challenges
!Source
!Year(s)
|-
|
|Not reported
|
|
|}

[[Challenges]]
= Enablers =

'''Table 6. Enablers reported for Ise Forest Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="enabler-table"
!Enablers
!Specific enablers
!Source
!Year(s)
|-
|1 Site management
|
|
|
|-
|2 Resources and capacity
|
|
|
|-
|3 Engaged community
|
|
|
|-
|4 Institutional support
|
|
|
|-
|5 Ecological context
|
|
|
|-
|6 Safety and stability
|
|
|
|}

[[Enablers]]
= Research activities =

= Documented behaviours =

'''Table 7. Behaviours documented for Ise Forest Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviours-table"
!Category
!Behavior
!Observation type
!Prevalence
!Observation dates
!Source
!Habituation
!Species
!Comment
|-
|
|Not reported
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}

[[Behaviours]]
= Exposure to climate change impacts =

As part of a study on the exposure of African great ape sites to climate change impacts, Kiribou et al. subm. extracted climate data and data on projected extreme climate impact events for the site. Climatological characteristics were derived from observation-based climate data provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP, www.isimip.org). Parameters were calculated as the average across each 30-year period. For 1981-2010, the EWEMBI dataset from ISIMIP2a was used. For the two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2099) ISIMIP2b climate data based on four CMIP5 global climate models were used. For future projections, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) were used. RCP 2.6 is a scenario with strong mitigation measures in which global temperatures would likely rise below 2C. RCP 6.0 is a scenario with medium emissions in which global temperatures would likely rise up to 3C by 2100. For the number of days with heavy precipitation events, the 98th percentile of all precipitation days (>1mm/d) was calculated for the 1979-2013 reference period as a threshold for a heavy precipitation event. Then, for each year, the number of days above that threshold was derived. The figures on temperature and precipitation anomaly show the deviation from the mean temperature and mean precipitation for the 1979-2013 reference period.

The estimated exposure to future extreme climate impact events (crop failure, drought, river flood, wildfire, tropical cyclone, and heatwave) is based on a published dataset by Lange et al. 2020 derived from ISIMIP2b data. The same global climate models and RCPs as described above were used. Within each 30-year period, the number of years with an extreme event and the average proportion of the site affected were calculated (see Kiribou et al. subm. for details).

'''Table 8. Estimated past and projected climatological characteristics in Ise Forest Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="clima-table"
!Value
!1981-2010
!2021-2050, RCP 2.6
!2021-2050, RCP 6.0
!2071-2099, RCP 2.6
!2071-2099, RCP 6.0
|-
|Mean temperature [C]
|25.9
|27
|26.8
|27.2
|28.2
|-
|Annual precipitation [mm]
|1494
|1504
|1516
|1484
|1539
|-
|Max no. consecutive dry days (per year)
|40.6
|46.7
|48.3
|48.1
|51.6
|-
|No. days with heavy precipitation (per year)
|5.9
|8.9
|8.8000000000000007
|9
|9.8000000000000007
|}

'''Table 9. Projected exposure of apes to extreme climate impact events in Ise Forest Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="clima2-table"
!Type
!No. of years with event (2021-2050, RCP 2.6)
!% of site exposed (2021-2050, RCP 2.6)
!No. of years with event (2021-2050, RCP 6.0)
!% of site exposed (2021-2050, RCP 6.0)
!No. of years with event (2070-2099, RCP 2.6)
!% of site exposed (2070-2099, RCP 2.6)
!No. of years with event (2070-2099, RCP 6.0)
!% of site exposed (2070-2099, RCP 6.0)
|-
|Crop failure
|4.5
|0.57999999999999996
|4.5
|1.03
|4
|1.3
|11.5
|1.1200000000000001
|-
|Drought
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
|Heatwave
|3
|100
|2.5
|100
|1.5
|100
|5.5
|100
|-
|River flood
|0.75
|0.02
|1.25
|0.12
|0.5
|0.11
|2
|0.16
|-
|Tropical cyclone
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
|Wildfire
|30
|0.74
|30
|0.73
|29
|0.71
|29
|0.88
|}

= External links =

= References =

Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme.

'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2023-03-03