Lopé National Park - Revision history

WikiEdit at 21:53, 15 October 2026

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← Older revision		Revision as of 17:53, 15 October 2026
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	<span id="R01121"></span>Tutin, C. E. G., White, L. J. T., & Mackanga‐Missandzou, A. (1997). The Use by Rain Forest Mammals of Natural Forest Fragments in an Equatorial African Savanna. ''Conservation Biology'', 11(5), 1190-1203. [https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1997.96211.x doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1997.96211.x]		<span id="R01121"></span>Tutin, C. E. G., White, L. J. T., & Mackanga‐Missandzou, A. (1997). The Use by Rain Forest Mammals of Natural Forest Fragments in an Equatorial African Savanna. ''Conservation Biology'', 11(5), 1190-1203. [https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1997.96211.x doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1997.96211.x]

	<span id="R02250"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), ~~1-19~~. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]		<span id="R02250"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), e0000345. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]

WikiEdit at 14:34, 15 October 2026

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← Older revision		Revision as of 10:34, 15 October 2026
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	<span id="R01121"></span>Tutin, C. E. G., White, L. J. T., & Mackanga‐Missandzou, A. (1997). The Use by Rain Forest Mammals of Natural Forest Fragments in an Equatorial African Savanna. ''Conservation Biology'', 11(5), 1190-1203. [https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1997.96211.x doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1997.96211.x]		<span id="R01121"></span>Tutin, C. E. G., White, L. J. T., & Mackanga‐Missandzou, A. (1997). The Use by Rain Forest Mammals of Natural Forest Fragments in an Equatorial African Savanna. ''Conservation Biology'', 11(5), 1190-1203. [https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1997.96211.x doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1997.96211.x]

	<span id="R02250"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), ~~e0000345~~. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]		<span id="R02250"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), 1-19. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]

WikiEdit at 19:10, 14 October 2026

2026-10-14T19:10:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:10, 14 October 2026
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	<span id="R01112"></span>IUCN - International Union for Conservation of Nature (2014). Regional Action Plan for the Conservation of Western Lowland Gorillas and Central Chimpanzees 2015–2025. International Union for Conservation of Nature. [https://doi.org/10.2305/iucn.ch.2005.ssc-rap.1.en doi:10.2305/iucn.ch.2005.ssc-rap.1.en]		<span id="R01112"></span>IUCN - International Union for Conservation of Nature (2014). Regional Action Plan for the Conservation of Western Lowland Gorillas and Central Chimpanzees 2015–2025. International Union for Conservation of Nature. [https://doi.org/10.2305/iucn.ch.2005.ssc-rap.1.en doi:10.2305/iucn.ch.2005.ssc-rap.1.en]

	<span id="R01113"></span>UNESCO World Heritage Committee. (2016–2018). State of Conservation reports for Ecosystem and Relict Cultural Landscape of Lopé-Okanda (Gabon). Paris: UNESCO.		<span id="R01113"></span>UNESCO World Heritage Committee. (2016–2018). State of Conservation reports for Ecosystem and Relict Cultural Landscape of Lopé-Okanda (Gabon). Paris: UNESCO. [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1147/documents/ link]

	<span id="R01114"></span>UNEP-WCMC. (2007). Lopé-Okanda World Heritage Site Datasheet. Cambridge: UNEP-WCMC. [https://worldheritageoutlook.iucn.org/ link]		<span id="R01114"></span>UNEP-WCMC. (2007). Lopé-Okanda World Heritage Site Datasheet. Cambridge: UNEP-WCMC. [https://worldheritageoutlook.iucn.org/ link]

WikiEdit at 20:29, 12 October 2026

2026-10-12T20:29:08Z

Show changes

WikiEdit at 12:17, 3 September 2026

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← Older revision		Revision as of 08:17, 3 September 2026
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	= Exposure to climate change impacts =		= Exposure to climate change impacts =

	As part of a study on the exposure of African great ape sites to climate change impacts, Kiribou et al. ~~subm.~~ extracted climate data and data on projected extreme climate impact events for the site. Climatological characteristics were derived from observation-based climate data provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP, www.isimip.org). Parameters were calculated as the average across each 30-year period. For 1981-2010, the EWEMBI dataset from ISIMIP2a was used. For the two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2099) ISIMIP2b climate data based on four CMIP5 global climate models were used. For future projections, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) were used. RCP 2.6 is a scenario with strong mitigation measures in which global temperatures would likely rise below 2C. RCP 6.0 is a scenario with medium emissions in which global temperatures would likely rise up to 3C by 2100. For the number of days with heavy precipitation events, the 98th percentile of all precipitation days (>1mm/d) was calculated for the 1979-2013 reference period as a threshold for a heavy precipitation event. Then, for each year, the number of days above that threshold was derived. The figures on temperature and precipitation anomaly show the deviation from the mean temperature and mean precipitation for the 1979-2013 reference period.		As part of a study on the exposure of African great ape sites to climate change impacts, Kiribou et al. (2024) extracted climate data and data on projected extreme climate impact events for the site. Climatological characteristics were derived from observation-based climate data provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP, www.isimip.org). Parameters were calculated as the average across each 30-year period. For 1981-2010, the EWEMBI dataset from ISIMIP2a was used. For the two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2099) ISIMIP2b climate data based on four CMIP5 global climate models were used. For future projections, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) were used. RCP 2.6 is a scenario with strong mitigation measures in which global temperatures would likely rise below 2C. RCP 6.0 is a scenario with medium emissions in which global temperatures would likely rise up to 3C by 2100. For the number of days with heavy precipitation events, the 98th percentile of all precipitation days (>1mm/d) was calculated for the 1979-2013 reference period as a threshold for a heavy precipitation event. Then, for each year, the number of days above that threshold was derived. The figures on temperature and precipitation anomaly show the deviation from the mean temperature and mean precipitation for the 1979-2013 reference period.

	The estimated exposure to future extreme climate impact events (crop failure, drought, river flood, wildfire, tropical cyclone, and heatwave) is based on a published dataset by Lange et al. 2020 derived from ISIMIP2b data. The same global climate models and RCPs as described above were used. Within each 30-year period, the number of years with an extreme event and the average proportion of the site affected were calculated (~~see~~ Kiribou et al. ~~subm. for details~~).		The estimated exposure to future extreme climate impact events (crop failure, drought, river flood, wildfire, tropical cyclone, and heatwave) is based on a published dataset by Lange et al. 2020 derived from ISIMIP2b data. The same global climate models and RCPs as described above were used. Within each 30-year period, the number of years with an extreme event and the average proportion of the site affected were calculated (Kiribou et al. 2024).

	'''Table 8. Estimated past and projected climatological characteristics in Lopé National Park'''		'''Table 8. Estimated past and projected climatological characteristics in Lopé National Park'''

WikiEdit at 13:30, 2 June 2026

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	\|Expansion of settlements along national roads leading to habitat degradation and disturbance (IUCN/SSC 2014).		\|Expansion of settlements along national roads leading to habitat degradation and disturbance (IUCN/SSC 2014).
	\|Ongoing (2014)		\|Ongoing (2014)
	\|-
	~~\|11 Climate change & severe weather~~
	~~\|Other~~
	~~\|Present (unknown severity)~~
	~~\|Less fruits in the ecosystem due to climate change will affect gorilla and chimpanzee populations (Bush et al. 2020).~~
	~~\|Ongoing (2020)~~
	\|-		\|-
	\|4 Transportation & service corridors		\|4 Transportation & service corridors
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	\|Historic Ebola outbreak in the 1990s caused local ape population declines; other zoonotic risks persist (IUCN/SSC 2014, Bermejo et al. 2006, Frontiers 2022).		\|Historic Ebola outbreak in the 1990s caused local ape population declines; other zoonotic risks persist (IUCN/SSC 2014, Bermejo et al. 2006, Frontiers 2022).
	\|1994-1996		\|1994-1996
			\|-
			\|11 Climate change & severe weather
			\|Other
			\|Present (unknown severity)
			\|Less fruits in the ecosystem due to climate change will affect gorilla and chimpanzee populations (Bush et al. 2020).
			\|Ongoing (2020)
	\|}		\|}

WikiEdit at 09:24, 21 April 2026

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	\|Expansion of settlements along national roads leading to habitat degradation and disturbance (IUCN/SSC 2014).		\|Expansion of settlements along national roads leading to habitat degradation and disturbance (IUCN/SSC 2014).
	\|Ongoing (2014)		\|Ongoing (2014)
			\|-
			\|11 Climate change & severe weather
			\|Other
			\|Present (unknown severity)
			\|Less fruits in the ecosystem due to climate change will affect gorilla and chimpanzee populations (Bush et al. 2020).
			\|Ongoing (2020)
	\|-		\|-
	\|4 Transportation & service corridors		\|4 Transportation & service corridors
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	\|Historic Ebola outbreak in the 1990s caused local ape population declines; other zoonotic risks persist (IUCN/SSC 2014, Bermejo et al. 2006, Frontiers 2022).		\|Historic Ebola outbreak in the 1990s caused local ape population declines; other zoonotic risks persist (IUCN/SSC 2014, Bermejo et al. 2006, Frontiers 2022).
	\|1994-1996		\|1994-1996
	\|-
	~~\|11 Climate change & severe weather~~
	~~\|Other~~
	~~\|Present (unknown severity)~~
	~~\|Less fruits in the ecosystem due to climate change will affect gorilla and chimpanzee populations (Bush et al. 2020).~~
	~~\|Ongoing (2020)~~
	\|}		\|}

WikiEdit at 14:45, 25 March 2026

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	* The main conservation interventions include law enforcement and anti-poaching patrols, awareness-raising and outreach, epidemiological surveillance programs and non-monetary support.		* The main conservation interventions include law enforcement and anti-poaching patrols, awareness-raising and outreach, epidemiological surveillance programs and non-monetary support.
	* The site is part of the Ecosystem and Relic Cultural Landscape of Lopé-Okanda, a UNESCO World Heritage site.		* The site is part of the Ecosystem and Relic Cultural Landscape of Lopé-Okanda, a UNESCO World Heritage site.





	= Site characteristics =		= Site characteristics =
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	!Description		!Description
	!Year of threat		!Year of threat
			\|-
			\|1 Residential & commercial development
			\|1.1 Residential areas
			\|Present (unknown severity)
			\|Expansion of settlements along national roads leading to habitat degradation and disturbance (IUCN/SSC 2014).
			\|Ongoing (2014)
			\|-
			\|4 Transportation & service corridors
			\|4.1 Roads & railroads
			\|Present (unknown severity)
			\|The increase in transport infrastructure projects is leading to greater access to wildlife habitats, opening new areas to hunters (IUCN/SSC 2014).
			\|Ongoing (2014)
	\|-		\|-
	\|5 Biological resource use		\|5 Biological resource use
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	\|Illegal hunting for bushmeat and ivory, opportunistic killing of apes, facilitated by roads and settlement access (IUCN/SSC 2014, UNESCO SOC 2016).		\|Illegal hunting for bushmeat and ivory, opportunistic killing of apes, facilitated by roads and settlement access (IUCN/SSC 2014, UNESCO SOC 2016).
	\|1980-Ongoing (2016)		\|1980-Ongoing (2016)
	\|-
	~~\|8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases~~
	~~\|8.4 Pathogens~~
	~~\|Present (unknown severity)~~
	~~\|Historic Ebola outbreak in the 1990s caused local ape population declines; other zoonotic risks persist (IUCN/SSC 2014, Bermejo et al. 2006, Frontiers 2022).~~
	~~\|1994-1996~~
	\|-		\|-
	\|5 Biological resource use		\|5 Biological resource use
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	\|1994-Ongoing (2014)		\|1994-Ongoing (2014)
	\|-		\|-
	\|~~1 Residential~~ & ~~commercial development~~		\|8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases
	\|1.~~1 Residential areas~~		\|8.4 Pathogens
	\|Present (unknown severity)		\|Present (unknown severity)
	\|~~Expansion of settlements along national roads leading to habitat degradation and disturbance~~ (IUCN/SSC 2014).		\|Historic Ebola outbreak in the 1990s caused local ape population declines; other zoonotic risks persist (IUCN/SSC 2014, Bermejo et al. 2006, Frontiers 2022).
	~~\|Ongoing (2014)~~		\|1994-1996
	\|-
	~~\|4 Transportation & service corridors~~
	\|4.~~1 Roads & railroads~~
	~~\|Present (unknown severity)~~
	~~\|The increase in transport infrastructure projects is leading to greater access to wildlife habitats~~, ~~opening new areas to hunters (IUCN/SSC 2014~~).
	\|~~Ongoing (2014)~~
	\|-		\|-
	\|11 Climate change & severe weather		\|11 Climate change & severe weather

WikiEdit at 07:28, 4 February 2026

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	\|Officially designated a national park on 30 August 2002.		\|Officially designated a national park on 30 August 2002.
	\|		\|
	\|2002-Ongoing (~~2025~~)		\|2002-Ongoing (2026)
	\|-		\|-
	\|5 Protection & restoration		\|5 Protection & restoration

WikiEdit at 14:30, 23 December 2025

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@@ Line 163: / Line 163: @@
 |1994-Ongoing (1997)
 |-
-|5 Protection & restoration
+|2 Counter-wildlife crime
-|5.6 Habitat restoration
+|2.3 Conduct regular anti-poaching patrols
-|Forest and habitat rehabilitation through maintaining forest heterogeneity and restoring key food sources (Tutin et al. 1997).
+|Recruitment, training, and deployment of ecoguards; reinforcement of anti-poaching patrols; judicial follow-up (IUCN/SSC 2014, UNESCO SOC 2016).
+|Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, WWF, USFWS, UNESCO, and local partners
-|1994-Ongoing (1997)
+|Ongoing (2014)
 |-
 |3 Species health
@@ Line 192: / Line 180: @@
 |Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, CIRMF (Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville)
 |2014-Ongoing (2020)
 |-
 |4 Education & awareness
@@ Line 210: / Line 192: @@
+|
 |Ongoing (2014)
 |-
 |7 Economic & other incentives
@@ Line 216: / Line 210: @@
+|
 |Ongoing (2014)
 |}