Marahoué National Park - Revision history

WikiEdit at 21:53, 15 October 2026

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	<span id="R01175"></span>WCF. (2012). Annual report 2012 – Activities of the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for improved conservation of chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa. Online: https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html [https://web.archive.org/web/20241112052804/https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html link]		<span id="R01175"></span>WCF. (2012). Annual report 2012 – Activities of the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for improved conservation of chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa. Online: https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html [https://web.archive.org/web/20241112052804/https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html link]

	<span id="R02258"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), ~~1-19~~. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]		<span id="R02258"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), e0000345. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]

WikiEdit at 14:34, 15 October 2026

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← Older revision		Revision as of 10:34, 15 October 2026
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	<span id="R01175"></span>WCF. (2012). Annual report 2012 – Activities of the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for improved conservation of chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa. Online: https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html [https://web.archive.org/web/20241112052804/https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html link]		<span id="R01175"></span>WCF. (2012). Annual report 2012 – Activities of the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for improved conservation of chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa. Online: https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html [https://web.archive.org/web/20241112052804/https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html link]

	<span id="R02258"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), ~~e0000345~~. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]		<span id="R02258"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), 1-19. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]

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	\|[[#R01171\|N’Goran et al. 2007]], [[#R01168\|Campbell et al. 2008]]		\|[[#R01171\|N’Goran et al. 2007]], [[#R01168\|Campbell et al. 2008]]
	\|Total survey effort: 167.5 km, abundance estimate is a maximum		\|Total survey effort: 167.5 km, abundance estimate is a maximum
	\|CIV0008, CIV0016, CIV0024, CIV0027, CIV0028, CIV0030, CIV0033, CIV0034, CIV0037, CIV0048, CIV0050, CIV0057, CIV0058, CIV0059, CIV0060, CIV0063, CIV0069		\|CIV0008, CIV0016<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="+15 more" data-collapsetext="less">CIV0024, CIV0027, CIV0028, CIV0030, CIV0033, CIV0034, CIV0037, CIV0048, CIV0050, CIV0057, CIV0058, CIV0059, CIV0060, CIV0063, CIV0069</div>
	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan troglodytes verus''		\|''Pan troglodytes verus''
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	<span id="R01168"></span>Campbell, G., Kuehl, H., N'Goran Kouamé, P., & Boesch, C. (2008). Alarming decline of West African chimpanzees in Côte d'Ivoire. ''Current Biology'', 18(19), R903-R904. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.08.015 doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.08.015]		<span id="R01168"></span>Campbell, G., Kuehl, H., N'Goran Kouamé, P., & Boesch, C. (2008). Alarming decline of West African chimpanzees in Côte d'Ivoire. ''Current Biology'', 18(19), R903-R904. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.08.015 doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.08.015]

	<span id="R01169"></span>Denis, G. (2015). Le parc de la Marahoué : De la logique de conservation à la logique de prédation. European Scientific Journal, 11(8), 1857–7881.		<span id="R01169"></span>Denis, G. (2015). Le parc de la Marahoué : De la logique de conservation à la logique de prédation. European Scientific Journal, 11(8), 1857–7881. [https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/aa34ecf010cb49119a44fb49ffb9e9337a6f07a0 link]

	<span id="R01170"></span>Marchesi, P., Marchesi, N., Fruth, B., & Boesch, C. (1995). Census and distribution of chimpanzees in Côte D’Ivoire. ''Primates'', 36(4), 591-607. [https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02382880 doi:10.1007/bf02382880]		<span id="R01170"></span>Marchesi, P., Marchesi, N., Fruth, B., & Boesch, C. (1995). Census and distribution of chimpanzees in Côte D’Ivoire. ''Primates'', 36(4), 591-607. [https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02382880 doi:10.1007/bf02382880]
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	<span id="R01174"></span>UNEP-WCMC, & IUCN. (2019). Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA). Cambridge, UK: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN. Online: https://www.protectedplanet.net/722 [https://web.archive.org/web/20200930170440/https://www.protectedplanet.net/country/GN link]		<span id="R01174"></span>UNEP-WCMC, & IUCN. (2019). Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA). Cambridge, UK: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN. Online: https://www.protectedplanet.net/722 [https://web.archive.org/web/20200930170440/https://www.protectedplanet.net/country/GN link]

	<span id="R01175"></span>WCF. (2012). Annual report 2012 – Activities of the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for improved conservation of chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa. Online: https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html		<span id="R01175"></span>WCF. (2012). Annual report 2012 – Activities of the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for improved conservation of chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa. Online: https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html [https://web.archive.org/web/20241112052804/https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html link]

	<span id="R02258"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), e0000345. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]		<span id="R02258"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), e0000345. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]

WikiEdit at 20:29, 12 October 2026

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Show changes

WikiEdit at 12:17, 3 September 2026

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	= Exposure to climate change impacts =		= Exposure to climate change impacts =

	As part of a study on the exposure of African great ape sites to climate change impacts, Kiribou et al. ~~subm.~~ extracted climate data and data on projected extreme climate impact events for the site. Climatological characteristics were derived from observation-based climate data provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP, www.isimip.org). Parameters were calculated as the average across each 30-year period. For 1981-2010, the EWEMBI dataset from ISIMIP2a was used. For the two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2099) ISIMIP2b climate data based on four CMIP5 global climate models were used. For future projections, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) were used. RCP 2.6 is a scenario with strong mitigation measures in which global temperatures would likely rise below 2C. RCP 6.0 is a scenario with medium emissions in which global temperatures would likely rise up to 3C by 2100. For the number of days with heavy precipitation events, the 98th percentile of all precipitation days (>1mm/d) was calculated for the 1979-2013 reference period as a threshold for a heavy precipitation event. Then, for each year, the number of days above that threshold was derived. The figures on temperature and precipitation anomaly show the deviation from the mean temperature and mean precipitation for the 1979-2013 reference period.		As part of a study on the exposure of African great ape sites to climate change impacts, Kiribou et al. (2024) extracted climate data and data on projected extreme climate impact events for the site. Climatological characteristics were derived from observation-based climate data provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP, www.isimip.org). Parameters were calculated as the average across each 30-year period. For 1981-2010, the EWEMBI dataset from ISIMIP2a was used. For the two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2099) ISIMIP2b climate data based on four CMIP5 global climate models were used. For future projections, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) were used. RCP 2.6 is a scenario with strong mitigation measures in which global temperatures would likely rise below 2C. RCP 6.0 is a scenario with medium emissions in which global temperatures would likely rise up to 3C by 2100. For the number of days with heavy precipitation events, the 98th percentile of all precipitation days (>1mm/d) was calculated for the 1979-2013 reference period as a threshold for a heavy precipitation event. Then, for each year, the number of days above that threshold was derived. The figures on temperature and precipitation anomaly show the deviation from the mean temperature and mean precipitation for the 1979-2013 reference period.

	The estimated exposure to future extreme climate impact events (crop failure, drought, river flood, wildfire, tropical cyclone, and heatwave) is based on a published dataset by Lange et al. 2020 derived from ISIMIP2b data. The same global climate models and RCPs as described above were used. Within each 30-year period, the number of years with an extreme event and the average proportion of the site affected were calculated (~~see~~ Kiribou et al. ~~subm. for details~~).		The estimated exposure to future extreme climate impact events (crop failure, drought, river flood, wildfire, tropical cyclone, and heatwave) is based on a published dataset by Lange et al. 2020 derived from ISIMIP2b data. The same global climate models and RCPs as described above were used. Within each 30-year period, the number of years with an extreme event and the average proportion of the site affected were calculated (Kiribou et al. 2024).

	'''Table 8. Estimated past and projected climatological characteristics in Marahoué National Park'''		'''Table 8. Estimated past and projected climatological characteristics in Marahoué National Park'''

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	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan troglodytes verus''		\|''Pan troglodytes verus''
	\|~~1990~~		\|2012
			\|
			\|0
	\|		\|
	\|~~15.6~~		\|0.0
	~~\|1.64~~
	~~\|1407~~.0
	\|Marahoué National Park		\|Marahoué National Park
	\|Line transects		\|Line transects
	\|		\|
	\|~~Marchesi et al. 1995~~		\|WCF 2012
	\|Total survey effort: 15 km~~, abundance estimate for weaned individuals~~		\|Total survey effort: 36.9 km
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan troglodytes verus''		\|''Pan troglodytes verus''
	\|~~2006~~		\|2007
			\|
			\|0.03
	\|		\|
	~~\|0.01~~
	\|		\|
	~~\|50.0~~
	\|Marahoué National Park		\|Marahoué National Park
	\|Line transects		\|Line transects
	\|		\|
	\|N’Goran et al. ~~2006~~		\|N’Goran et al. 2007, Campbell et al. 2008
	\|Total survey effort: ~~154~~.5 km, abundance estimate is a maximum		\|Total survey effort: 167.5 km, abundance estimate is a maximum
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan troglodytes verus''		\|''Pan troglodytes verus''
	\|~~2007~~		\|2006
	\|
	~~\|0.03~~
	\|		\|
			\|0.01
	\|		\|
			\|50.0
	\|Marahoué National Park		\|Marahoué National Park
	\|Line transects		\|Line transects
	\|		\|
	\|N’Goran et al. ~~2007, Campbell et al. 2008~~		\|N’Goran et al. 2006
	\|Total survey effort: ~~167~~.5 km, abundance estimate is a maximum		\|Total survey effort: 154.5 km, abundance estimate is a maximum
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan troglodytes verus''		\|''Pan troglodytes verus''
	\|~~2012~~		\|1990
	\|		\|
	\|0		\|15.6
	\|		\|1.64
	\|0.0		\|1407.0
	\|Marahoué National Park		\|Marahoué National Park
	\|Line transects		\|Line transects
	\|		\|
	\|~~WCF 2012~~		\|Marchesi et al. 1995
	\|Total survey effort: ~~36.9~~ km		\|Total survey effort: 15 km, abundance estimate for weaned individuals
	\|		\|
	\|}		\|}
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	= References =		= References =

	~~Denis~~ G. ~~2015~~. ~~Le parc de la Marahoué : de la logique de conservation à la logique de prédation~~. ~~European Scientific Journal March 11~~(8)~~: 1857-7881~~		Campbell, G., et al. (2008). Alarming decline of West African chimpanzees in Côte d’Ivoire. Current Biology, 18(19). <br>

	~~Campbell~~ G ~~et al~~. ~~2008~~. ~~Alarming decline of West African chimpanzees in Côte d´Ivoire~~. ~~Current Biology 18~~(19).		Denis, G. (2015). Le parc de la Marahoué : De la logique de conservation à la logique de prédation. European Scientific Journal, 11(8), 1857–7881. <br>

	Marchesi P et al. 1995. Census and ~~Distribution~~ in Côte d’Ivoire. Primates 36(4)~~: 591-607~~.		Marchesi, P., et al. (1995). Census and distribution in Côte d’Ivoire. Primates, 36(4), 591–607. <br>

	N’Goran KP et al. 2007. Résultats de la première phase du biomonitoring au Parc National de Marahoué (mai 2006 – décembre 2006). Unpublished report. WCF/OIPR. Online: [https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html ~~Wild Chimpanzee Foundation]~~		N’Goran, K. P., et al. (2007). Résultats de la première phase du biomonitoring au Parc National de Marahoué (mai 2006 – décembre 2006). Unpublished report. WCF/OIPR. Online: https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html <br>

	N’Goran KP et al. 2008. Résultats importants des activités de biomonitoring au Parc National de la Marahoué (mai 2007 – novembre 2007). Unpublished report. WCF/OIPR. Online: [https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html ~~Wild Chimpanzee Foundation]~~		N’Goran, K. P., et al. (2008). Résultats importants des activités de biomonitoring au Parc National de la Marahoué (mai 2007 – novembre 2007). Unpublished report. WCF/OIPR. Online: https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html <br>

	Struhsaker TT, Bakarr MI. 1999. A rapid survey of primates and other large mammals in Marahoue National Park, ~~Cote~~ d'Ivoire. In: Schulenberg TS et al. (~~eds~~.) Une ~~Evaluation Biologique~~ du Parc National de la Marahoué Park, Côte d’Ivoire. Conservation International.		Struhsaker, T. T., & Bakarr, M. I. (1999). A rapid survey of primates and other large mammals in Marahoue National Park, Côte d'Ivoire. In T. S. Schulenberg et al. (Eds.), Une évaluation biologique du Parc National de la Marahoué Park, Côte d’Ivoire. Conservation International. <br>

	UNEP-WCMC, IUCN. 2019. Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA), Cambridge, UK: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN Online: [https://www.protectedplanet.net/722 ~~www.protectedplanet.net]~~		UNEP-WCMC, & IUCN. (2019). Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA). Cambridge, UK: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN. Online: https://www.protectedplanet.net/722 <br>

	WCF. 2012. Annual report 2012 – ~~activities~~ of the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for improved conservation of chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa. Online: [https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html ~~Wild Chimpanzee Foundation]~~		WCF. (2012). Annual report 2012 – Activities of the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for improved conservation of chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa. Online: https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html <br>

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	\|-		\|-
	\|5 Biological resource use		\|5 Biological resource use
	\|5.1.2 Unintentional effects ~~(species is not the target)~~		\|5.1.2 Unintentional effects
	\|Present (unknown severity)		\|Present (unknown severity)
	\|Great apes getting injured by traps likely intended for other animals (Kouadio R. pers. comm. 2025).		\|Great apes getting injured by traps likely intended for other animals (Kouadio R. pers. comm. 2025).

WikiEdit at 09:23, 21 April 2026

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	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|~~4 Institutional support~~		\|2 Resources and capacity
	\|4.2 Lack of ~~government support~~		\|2.1 Lack of capacity/training
	\|~~Denis 2015~~		\|Kouadio R. pers. comm. 2025
	\|		\|Ongoing (2025)
	\|-		\|-
	\|2 Resources and capacity		\|2 Resources and capacity
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	\|-		\|-
	\|2 Resources and capacity		\|2 Resources and capacity
	\|2.1 Lack of ~~capacity~~/~~training~~		\|2.5 Lack of equipment/transportation
	\|~~Kouadio R. pers. comm. 2025~~		\|Denis 2015
	\|~~Ongoing (2025)~~		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|4 Institutional support		\|4 Institutional support
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	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|~~2 Resources and capacity~~		\|4 Institutional support
	\|2.5 Lack of ~~equipment/transportation~~		\|4.2 Lack of government support
	\|Denis 2015		\|Denis 2015
	\|		\|

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	* This site has a total size of 1,010 km².		* This site has a total size of 1,010 km².
	* Chimpanzees are extirpated due to hunting and large-scale deforestation driven by the expansion of agricultural areas.		* Chimpanzees are extirpated due to hunting and large-scale deforestation driven by the expansion of agricultural areas.

WikiEdit at 10:38, 15 December 2025

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	!Source		!Source
	!Year(s)		!Year(s)
			\|-
			\|3 Engaged community
			\|3.6 Local community engagement and support
			\|Kouadio R. pers. comm. 2025
			\|Ongoing (2025)
	\|-		\|-
	\|1 Site management		\|1 Site management
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	\|		\|
	\|		\|
	\|-
	~~\|3 Engaged community~~
	~~\|3.6 Local community engagement and support~~
	~~\|Kouadio R. pers. comm. 2025~~
	~~\|Ongoing (2025)~~
	\|-		\|-
	\|4 Institutional support		\|4 Institutional support