Moukalaba-Doudou National Park - Revision history

WikiEdit at 21:54, 15 October 2026

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	<span id="R01268"></span>Wilfried, E. E. G., & Yamagiwa, J. (2014). Use of tool sets by chimpanzees for multiple purposes in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. ''Primates'', 55(4), 467-472. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-014-0431-5 doi:10.1007/s10329-014-0431-5]		<span id="R01268"></span>Wilfried, E. E. G., & Yamagiwa, J. (2014). Use of tool sets by chimpanzees for multiple purposes in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. ''Primates'', 55(4), 467-472. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-014-0431-5 doi:10.1007/s10329-014-0431-5]

	<span id="R02272"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), ~~1-19~~. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]		<span id="R02272"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), e0000345. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]

	<span id="R02048"></span>PPI. https://www.programmeppi.org/en/projects/la-conservation-des-grands-singes-du-gabon-au-parc-national-de-moukalaba-doudou/		<span id="R02048"></span>PPI. https://www.programmeppi.org/en/projects/la-conservation-des-grands-singes-du-gabon-au-parc-national-de-moukalaba-doudou/

WikiEdit at 14:35, 15 October 2026

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← Older revision		Revision as of 10:35, 15 October 2026
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	<span id="R01268"></span>Wilfried, E. E. G., & Yamagiwa, J. (2014). Use of tool sets by chimpanzees for multiple purposes in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. ''Primates'', 55(4), 467-472. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-014-0431-5 doi:10.1007/s10329-014-0431-5]		<span id="R01268"></span>Wilfried, E. E. G., & Yamagiwa, J. (2014). Use of tool sets by chimpanzees for multiple purposes in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. ''Primates'', 55(4), 467-472. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-014-0431-5 doi:10.1007/s10329-014-0431-5]

	<span id="R02272"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), ~~e0000345~~. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]		<span id="R02272"></span>Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., …, & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. ''PLOS Climate'', 3(2), 1-19. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345 doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000345]

	<span id="R02048"></span>PPI. https://www.programmeppi.org/en/projects/la-conservation-des-grands-singes-du-gabon-au-parc-national-de-moukalaba-doudou/		<span id="R02048"></span>PPI. https://www.programmeppi.org/en/projects/la-conservation-des-grands-singes-du-gabon-au-parc-national-de-moukalaba-doudou/

WikiEdit at 00:10, 15 October 2026

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	\|Line transects		\|Line transects
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	\|[~~https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/66239/1/ASM_S_39_41.pdf~~ Takenoshita, Y., & Yamagiwa 2008]		\|[[#R01266\|Takenoshita, Y., & Yamagiwa 2008]]
	\|Survey effort: 44.3 km. Authors note that density might have been overestimated.		\|Survey effort: 44.3 km. Authors note that density might have been overestimated.
	\|		\|

WikiEdit at 19:11, 14 October 2026

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	<span id="R01261"></span>Alliance pour la Conservation des Grands Singes en Afrique Centrale. (n.d.). Association Protectrice des Grands Singes de la Moukalaba. Retrieved October 16, 2025, from https://alliance-gsac.org/association-protectrice-des-grands-singes/ [https://web.archive.org/web/20250808210027/https://alliance-gsac.org/association-protectrice-des-grands-singes/ link]		<span id="R01261"></span>Alliance pour la Conservation des Grands Singes en Afrique Centrale. (n.d.). Association Protectrice des Grands Singes de la Moukalaba. Retrieved October 16, 2025, from https://alliance-gsac.org/association-protectrice-des-grands-singes/ [https://web.archive.org/web/20250808210027/https://alliance-gsac.org/association-protectrice-des-grands-singes/ link]

	<span id="R01262"></span>Ando, C., Iwata, Y., & Yamagiwa, J. (2008). Progress of habituation of western lowland gorillas and their reaction to observers in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. African Study Monographs. Supplementary Issue, 39, 55–69.		<span id="R01262"></span>Ando, C., Iwata, Y., & Yamagiwa, J. (2008). Progress of habituation of western lowland gorillas and their reaction to observers in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. African Study Monographs. Supplementary Issue, 39, 55–69. [https://doi.org/10.14989/66238 doi:10.14989/66238]

	<span id="R01263"></span>Iwata, Y., & Ando, C. (2007). Bed and bed-site reuse by western lowland gorillas (Gorilla g. gorilla) in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. Primates, 48(1), 77–80. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10329-006-0003-4		<span id="R01263"></span>Iwata, Y., & Ando, C. (2007). Bed and bed-site reuse by western lowland gorillas (Gorilla g. gorilla) in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. Primates, 48(1), 77–80. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10329-006-0003-4
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	<span id="R01265"></span>Takenoshita, Y., Ando, C., & Yamagiwa, J. (2008). Fruit phenology of the great ape habitat in the Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. African Study Monographs. Supplementary Issue, 39, 23–39. https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/handle/2433/66240		<span id="R01265"></span>Takenoshita, Y., Ando, C., & Yamagiwa, J. (2008). Fruit phenology of the great ape habitat in the Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. African Study Monographs. Supplementary Issue, 39, 23–39. https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/handle/2433/66240

	<span id="R01266"></span>Takenoshita, Y., & Yamagiwa, J. (2008). Estimating gorilla abundance by dung count in the northern part of Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. African Study Monographs. Supplementary Issue, 39, 41–54. https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/66239/1/ASM_S_39_41.pdf		<span id="R01266"></span>Takenoshita, Y., & Yamagiwa, J. (2008). Estimating gorilla abundance by dung count in the northern part of Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. African Study Monographs. Supplementary Issue, 39, 41–54. https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/66239/1/ASM_S_39_41.pdf [https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/handle/2433/66239 link]

	<span id="R01267"></span>UNESCO World Heritage Committee. (2016). State of conservation report: Ecosystem and Relict Cultural Landscape of Lopé-Okanda (Gabon). UNESCO.		<span id="R01267"></span>UNESCO World Heritage Committee. (2016). State of conservation report: Ecosystem and Relict Cultural Landscape of Lopé-Okanda (Gabon). UNESCO. [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1147/documents/ link]

	<span id="R01268"></span>Wilfried, E. E. G., & Yamagiwa, J. (2014). Use of tool sets by chimpanzees for multiple purposes in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. ''Primates'', 55(4), 467-472. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-014-0431-5 doi:10.1007/s10329-014-0431-5]		<span id="R01268"></span>Wilfried, E. E. G., & Yamagiwa, J. (2014). Use of tool sets by chimpanzees for multiple purposes in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. ''Primates'', 55(4), 467-472. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-014-0431-5 doi:10.1007/s10329-014-0431-5]

WikiEdit at 20:29, 12 October 2026

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Show changes

WikiEdit at 12:18, 3 September 2026

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	= Exposure to climate change impacts =		= Exposure to climate change impacts =

	As part of a study on the exposure of African great ape sites to climate change impacts, Kiribou et al. ~~subm.~~ extracted climate data and data on projected extreme climate impact events for the site. Climatological characteristics were derived from observation-based climate data provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP, www.isimip.org). Parameters were calculated as the average across each 30-year period. For 1981-2010, the EWEMBI dataset from ISIMIP2a was used. For the two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2099) ISIMIP2b climate data based on four CMIP5 global climate models were used. For future projections, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) were used. RCP 2.6 is a scenario with strong mitigation measures in which global temperatures would likely rise below 2C. RCP 6.0 is a scenario with medium emissions in which global temperatures would likely rise up to 3C by 2100. For the number of days with heavy precipitation events, the 98th percentile of all precipitation days (>1mm/d) was calculated for the 1979-2013 reference period as a threshold for a heavy precipitation event. Then, for each year, the number of days above that threshold was derived. The figures on temperature and precipitation anomaly show the deviation from the mean temperature and mean precipitation for the 1979-2013 reference period.		As part of a study on the exposure of African great ape sites to climate change impacts, Kiribou et al. (2024) extracted climate data and data on projected extreme climate impact events for the site. Climatological characteristics were derived from observation-based climate data provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP, www.isimip.org). Parameters were calculated as the average across each 30-year period. For 1981-2010, the EWEMBI dataset from ISIMIP2a was used. For the two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2099) ISIMIP2b climate data based on four CMIP5 global climate models were used. For future projections, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) were used. RCP 2.6 is a scenario with strong mitigation measures in which global temperatures would likely rise below 2C. RCP 6.0 is a scenario with medium emissions in which global temperatures would likely rise up to 3C by 2100. For the number of days with heavy precipitation events, the 98th percentile of all precipitation days (>1mm/d) was calculated for the 1979-2013 reference period as a threshold for a heavy precipitation event. Then, for each year, the number of days above that threshold was derived. The figures on temperature and precipitation anomaly show the deviation from the mean temperature and mean precipitation for the 1979-2013 reference period.

	The estimated exposure to future extreme climate impact events (crop failure, drought, river flood, wildfire, tropical cyclone, and heatwave) is based on a published dataset by Lange et al. 2020 derived from ISIMIP2b data. The same global climate models and RCPs as described above were used. Within each 30-year period, the number of years with an extreme event and the average proportion of the site affected were calculated (~~see~~ Kiribou et al. ~~subm. for details~~).		The estimated exposure to future extreme climate impact events (crop failure, drought, river flood, wildfire, tropical cyclone, and heatwave) is based on a published dataset by Lange et al. 2020 derived from ISIMIP2b data. The same global climate models and RCPs as described above were used. Within each 30-year period, the number of years with an extreme event and the average proportion of the site affected were calculated (Kiribou et al. 2024).

	'''Table 8. Estimated past and projected climatological characteristics in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park'''		'''Table 8. Estimated past and projected climatological characteristics in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park'''

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	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|''~~Gorilla gorilla gorilla~~''		\|''Pan troglodytes troglodytes''
	\|~~2002~~		\|2013-2014
			\|Present
			\|
			\|
	\|		\|
	\|~~1.08~~		\|Moukalaba-Doudou National Park (280 km²)
	\|~~6.99~~		\|Reconnaissance walk
	\|		\|
	\|~~Northern part of Moukalaba-Doudou National Park~~		\|Ebang Ella et al. 2023
	~~\|Line transects~~
	\|		\|
	~~\|[https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/66239/1/ASM_S_39_41.pdf Takenoshita, Y., & Yamagiwa 2008]~~
	~~\|Survey effort: 44.3 km. Authors note that density might have been overestimated.~~
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
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	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|''~~Pan troglodytes troglodytes~~''		\|''Gorilla gorilla gorilla''
	\|~~2013-2014~~		\|2002
	~~\|Present~~
	\|		\|
			\|1.08
			\|6.99
	\|		\|
			\|Northern part of Moukalaba-Doudou National Park
			\|Line transects
	\|		\|
	\|~~Moukalaba~~-~~Doudou National Park (280 km²)~~		\|[https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/66239/1/ASM_S_39_41.pdf Takenoshita, Y., & Yamagiwa 2008]
	\|~~Reconnaissance walk~~		\|Survey effort: 44.3 km. Authors note that density might have been overestimated.
	\|
	~~\|Ebang Ella et al~~. ~~2023~~
	\|
	\|		\|
	\|}		\|}
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	Alliance pour la Conservation des Grands Singes en Afrique Centrale. (n.d.). Association Protectrice des Grands Singes de la Moukalaba. Retrieved October 16, 2025, from https://alliance-gsac.org/association-protectrice-des-grands-singes/ <br>		Alliance pour la Conservation des Grands Singes en Afrique Centrale. (n.d.). Association Protectrice des Grands Singes de la Moukalaba. Retrieved October 16, 2025, from https://alliance-gsac.org/association-protectrice-des-grands-singes/ <br>
	Ando, C., Iwata, Y., & Yamagiwa, J. (2008). Progress of habituation of western lowland gorillas and their reaction to observers in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. African Study Monographs. Supplementary Issue., 39, ~~55-69~~. <br>
	Iwata, Y., & Ando, C. (2007). Bed and bed-site reuse by western lowland gorillas (Gorilla g. gorilla) in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. Primates, 48(1), ~~77-80~~.https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10329-006-0003-4 <br>		Ando, C., Iwata, Y., & Yamagiwa, J. (2008). Progress of habituation of western lowland gorillas and their reaction to observers in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. African Study Monographs. Supplementary Issue, 39, 55–69. <br>
	Takenoshita, Y., Ando, C., & Yamagiwa, J. (2008). Fruit phenology of the great ape habitat in the Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. African Study Monographs. Supplementary Issue., 39, ~~23-39~~.https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/handle/2433/66240 <br>
	Takenoshita, Y., & Yamagiwa, J. (2008). Estimating gorilla abundance by dung count in the northern part of Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. African Study Monographs. Supplementary Issue., 39, ~~41-54~~. https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/66239/1/ASM_S_39_41.pdf <br>		Iwata, Y., & Ando, C. (2007). Bed and bed-site reuse by western lowland gorillas (Gorilla g. gorilla) in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. Primates, 48(1), 77–80. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10329-006-0003-4 <br>
	Wilfried, E. E. G., & Yamagiwa, J. (2014). Use of tool sets by chimpanzees for multiple purposes in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. Primates, 55(4), ~~467-472~~. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10329-014-0431-5 ~~<br>~~
	~~IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group. (2014). Regional Action Plan for the Conservation of Western Lowland Gorillas and Central Chimpanzees 2015–2025. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. <br>~~		IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group. (2014). Regional action plan for the conservation of western lowland gorillas and central chimpanzees 2015–2025. IUCN. <br>
	~~UNESCO World Heritage Committee. (2016). State of Conservation report: Ecosystem and Relict Cultural Landscape of Lopé-Okanda (Gabon). Paris: UNESCO.~~ <br>
			Takenoshita, Y., Ando, C., & Yamagiwa, J. (2008). Fruit phenology of the great ape habitat in the Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. African Study Monographs. Supplementary Issue, 39, 23–39. https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/handle/2433/66240 <br>

			Takenoshita, Y., & Yamagiwa, J. (2008). Estimating gorilla abundance by dung count in the northern part of Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. African Study Monographs. Supplementary Issue, 39, 41–54. https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/66239/1/ASM_S_39_41.pdf <br>

			UNESCO World Heritage Committee. (2016). State of conservation report: Ecosystem and Relict Cultural Landscape of Lopé-Okanda (Gabon). UNESCO. <br>

			Wilfried, E. E. G., & Yamagiwa, J. (2014). Use of tool sets by chimpanzees for multiple purposes in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon. Primates, 55(4), 467–472. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10329-014-0431-5 <br>

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 !Comments
 !A.P.E.S. database ID
 |-
 |''Gorilla gorilla gorilla''
@@ Line 97: / Line 110: @@
+|
 |Ebang Ella et al. 2023
+|
+|

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 * Current threats are unknown; in the past, hunting and logging were the main threats.
 * Conservation activities have focused on habituation of gorillas for research and ecotourism, awareness raising and involving local community conservation.
@@ Line 131: / Line 127: @@
 !Description
 !Year of threat
 |-
 |5 Biological resource use
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 |Gorillas hunted during the period when logging sites were active. Hunting was forbidden in 1986 and the logging company left in 1988 (Ando, Iwata & Yamagiwa 2008).
 |1962-1988
 |-
 |5 Biological resource use
@@ Line 143: / Line 151: @@
 |Selective logging initiated in 1962. Logging activities ended in 1988 (Ando, Iwata & Yamagiwa 2008).
 |1962-1988
 |}

WikiEdit at 07:29, 4 February 2026

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	\|The park was legally created, and officially designated as a national park in 2002.		\|The park was legally created, and officially designated as a national park in 2002.
	\|		\|
	\|2002-Ongoing (~~2025~~)		\|2002-Ongoing (2026)
	\|-		\|-
	\|6 Species management		\|6 Species management