Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve - Revision history

WikiEdit at 20:29, 12 October 2026

2026-10-12T20:29:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:29, 12 October 2026
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	\|7.1 Fire & fire suppression		\|7.1 Fire & fire suppression
	\|Present (unknown severity)		\|Present (unknown severity)
	\|The site experiences annual forest fires, with a higher frequency during the dry season (Antara News Kalbar 2024).		\|The site experiences annual forest fires, with a higher frequency during the dry season ([[#R01347\|Antara News Kalbar 2024]]).
	\|2024-Ongoing (2025)		\|2024-Ongoing (2025)
	\|}		\|}
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	\|5 Protection & restoration		\|5 Protection & restoration
	\|5.2 Legally protect ape habitat		\|5.2 Legally protect ape habitat
	\|Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve has held the protected area status since 1982 (Sherman et al. 2022).		\|Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve has held the protected area status since 1982 ([[#R01348\|Sherman et al. 2022]]).
	\|		\|
	\|1982-Ongoing (2026)		\|1982-Ongoing (2026)
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	\|6 Species management		\|6 Species management
	\|6.7 Translocate (capture & release) wild apes from human impacted sites to natural habitat elsewhere		\|6.7 Translocate (capture & release) wild apes from human impacted sites to natural habitat elsewhere
	\|An orangutan found trapped in a palm oil plantation in Ketapang was relocated to the Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve by a team from the West Kalimantan Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA), YIARI, and Cargill. The relocation was done to ensure the orangutan's safety and provide a suitable habitat for breeding (Antara News, 2023).		\|An orangutan found trapped in a palm oil plantation in Ketapang was relocated to the Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve by a team from the West Kalimantan Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA), YIARI, and Cargill. The relocation was done to ensure the orangutan's safety and provide a suitable habitat for breeding ([[#R01346\|Antara News, 2023]]).
	\|West Kalimantan Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA), YIARI, and Cargill		\|West Kalimantan Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA), YIARI, and Cargill
	\|2023		\|2023
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	= Research activities =		= Research activities =

	Research activities were reported to be carried out in Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve, details are unknown (Sherman et al. 2022).		Research activities were reported to be carried out in Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve, details are unknown ([[#R01348\|Sherman et al. 2022]]).

	= Documented behaviours =		= Documented behaviours =
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	= References =		= References =

	Antara News. (2023, October 17). BKSDA Kalbar pindahkan orang utan terjebak di kebun sawit. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/3787884/bksda-kalbar-pindahkan-orang-utan-terjebak-di-kebun-sawit ~~<br>~~		<span id="R01346"></span>Antara News. (2023, October 17). BKSDA Kalbar pindahkan orang utan terjebak di kebun sawit. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/3787884/bksda-kalbar-pindahkan-orang-utan-terjebak-di-kebun-sawit

	Antara News Kalbar. (2024, April 26). BKSDA Kalbar ajak semua pihak lestarikan Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan. Antara News Kalimantan Barat. https://kalbar.antaranews.com/berita/403910/bksda-kalbar-ajak-semua-pihak-lestarikan-cagar-alam-muara-kendawangan ~~<br>~~		<span id="R01347"></span>Antara News Kalbar. (2024, April 26). BKSDA Kalbar ajak semua pihak lestarikan Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan. Antara News Kalimantan Barat. https://kalbar.antaranews.com/berita/403910/bksda-kalbar-ajak-semua-pihak-lestarikan-cagar-alam-muara-kendawangan

	Sherman, J., Voigt, M., Ancrenaz, M., Wich, S. A., Qomariah, I. N., Lyman, E., ~~Massingham, E.~~, & Meijaard, E. (2022). Orangutan killing and trade in Indonesia: Wildlife crime, enforcement, and deterrence patterns. Biological Conservation, 276, 109744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109744 ~~<br>~~		<span id="R01348"></span>Sherman, J., Voigt, M., Ancrenaz, M., Wich, S. A., Qomariah, I. N., Lyman, E., …, & Meijaard, E. (2022). Orangutan killing and trade in Indonesia: Wildlife crime, enforcement, and deterrence patterns. ''Biological Conservation'', 276, 109744. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109744 doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109744]



	'''Page created by: '''Aime Mizero''' Date:''' 2025-06-09		'''Page created by: '''Aime Mizero''' Date:''' 2025-06-09

WikiEdit at 14:48, 1 September 2026

2026-09-01T14:48:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:48, 1 September 2026
Line 146:		Line 146:
	= References =		= References =

	~~Sherman, J~~., ~~Voigt, M., Ancrenaz, M., Wich, S. A., Qomariah, I. N., Lyman, E., Massingham, E., & Meijaard, E. (2022~~). ~~Orangutan killing and trade in Indonesia: Wildlife crime, enforcement, and deterrence patterns. Biological Conservation, 276, 109744~~. https://~~doi~~.~~org~~/~~10.1016~~/~~j.biocon.2022.109744~~ <br>		Antara News. (2023, October 17). BKSDA Kalbar pindahkan orang utan terjebak di kebun sawit. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/3787884/bksda-kalbar-pindahkan-orang-utan-terjebak-di-kebun-sawit <br>

	Antara News Kalbar. (2024, April 26). BKSDA Kalbar ajak semua pihak lestarikan Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan. Antara News Kalimantan Barat. https://kalbar.antaranews.com/berita/403910/bksda-kalbar-ajak-semua-pihak-lestarikan-cagar-alam-muara-kendawangan <br>		Antara News Kalbar. (2024, April 26). BKSDA Kalbar ajak semua pihak lestarikan Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan. Antara News Kalimantan Barat. https://kalbar.antaranews.com/berita/403910/bksda-kalbar-ajak-semua-pihak-lestarikan-cagar-alam-muara-kendawangan <br>
	~~Antara News. (2023, October 17). BKSDA Kalbar pindahkan orang utan terjebak di kebun sawit. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/3787884/bksda-kalbar-pindahkan-orang-utan-terjebak-di-kebun-sawit <br>~~

			Sherman, J., Voigt, M., Ancrenaz, M., Wich, S. A., Qomariah, I. N., Lyman, E., Massingham, E., & Meijaard, E. (2022). Orangutan killing and trade in Indonesia: Wildlife crime, enforcement, and deterrence patterns. Biological Conservation, 276, 109744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109744 <br>



	'''Page created by: '''Aime Mizero''' Date:''' 2025-06-09		'''Page created by: '''Aime Mizero''' Date:''' 2025-06-09

WikiEdit at 14:47, 25 March 2026

2026-03-25T14:47:00Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:47, 25 March 2026
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	* The reported threat is annual forest fires, with a higher frequency during the dry season.		* The reported threat is annual forest fires, with a higher frequency during the dry season.
	* Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve has held the protected area status since 1982.		* Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve has held the protected area status since 1982.





	= Site characteristics =		= Site characteristics =

WikiEdit at 07:29, 4 February 2026

2026-02-04T07:29:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:29, 4 February 2026
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	\|Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve has held the protected area status since 1982 (Sherman et al. 2022).		\|Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve has held the protected area status since 1982 (Sherman et al. 2022).
	\|		\|
	\|1982-Ongoing (~~2022~~)		\|1982-Ongoing (2026)
	\|-		\|-
	\|6 Species management		\|6 Species management

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[[Asia]] > [[Indonesia]] > [[Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve]]

'''[https://apesatlas-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Muara_Kendawangan_Nature_Reserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Français]''' | '''[https://apesatlas-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Muara_Kendawangan_Nature_Reserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=pt&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Português]''' | '''[https://apesatlas-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Muara_Kendawangan_Nature_Reserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=es&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Español]''' | '''[https://apesatlas-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Muara_Kendawangan_Nature_Reserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=id&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Bahasa Indonesia]''' | '''[https://apesatlas-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Muara_Kendawangan_Nature_Reserve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=ms&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Melayu]'''

__TOC__
= Summary =

<div style='float: right'>{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers=OpenStreetMap,OpenTopoMap|-2.700000, 110.616700~[[Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve]]~''Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii''}}</div>
* Southwest Bornean orangutans (''Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii'') are present in Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve.
* The orangutan population size is unknown.
* The orangutan population trend is unknown.
* The total site area is 1,375.59 km².
* The reported threat is annual forest fires, with a higher frequency during the dry season.
* Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve has held the protected area status since 1982.

= Site characteristics =

'''Table 1. Basic site information for Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
|Species
|''Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii''
|-
|Area
|1,375.59 km²
|-
|Coordinates
|Lat: -2.700000 , Lon: 110.616700
|-
|Type of site
|Protected area (Nature Reserve)
|-
|Habitat types
|Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest, Subtropical/tropical swamp forest, Wetlands (lakes, rivers, streams, bogs, marshes), Marine coastal/supratidal
|-
|Type of governance
|Governance by government
|}

[[Types of sites]] [[Governance types]] [[Habitat types]]
= Ape status =

'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Ape_status-table"
!Species
!Year
!Occurrence
!Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)
!Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
!Abundance estimate (95% CI)
!Survey area
!Sampling method
!Analytical framework
!Source
!Comments
!A.P.E.S. database ID
|-
|''Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii''
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}

[[Sampling methods]] [[Analytical frameworks]]
= Threats =

'''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Threats-table"
!Category
!Specific threats
!Threat level
!Description
!Year of threat
|-
|7 Natural system modifications
|7.1 Fire & fire suppression
|Present (unknown severity)
|The site experiences annual forest fires, with a higher frequency during the dry season (Antara News Kalbar 2024).
|2024-Ongoing (2025)
|}

[[Threats]]
= Conservation activities =

'''Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Conservation_activities-table"
!Category
!Specific activity
!Description
!Implementing organization(s)
!Year of activity
|-
|5 Protection & restoration
|5.2 Legally protect ape habitat
|Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve has held the protected area status since 1982 (Sherman et al. 2022).
|
|1982-Ongoing (2022)
|-
|6 Species management
|6.7 Translocate (capture & release) wild apes from human impacted sites to natural habitat elsewhere
|An orangutan found trapped in a palm oil plantation in Ketapang was relocated to the Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve by a team from the West Kalimantan Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA), YIARI, and Cargill. The relocation was done to ensure the orangutan's safety and provide a suitable habitat for breeding (Antara News, 2023).
|West Kalimantan Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA), YIARI, and Cargill
|2023
|}

[[Conservation activities]]
= Challenges =

= Enablers =

= Research activities =

Research activities were reported to be carried out in Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve, details are unknown (Sherman et al. 2022).

= Documented behaviours =

= Exposure to climate change impacts =

= External links =

= References =

Sherman, J., Voigt, M., Ancrenaz, M., Wich, S. A., Qomariah, I. N., Lyman, E., Massingham, E., & Meijaard, E. (2022). Orangutan killing and trade in Indonesia: Wildlife crime, enforcement, and deterrence patterns. Biological Conservation, 276, 109744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109744 <br>
Antara News Kalbar. (2024, April 26). BKSDA Kalbar ajak semua pihak lestarikan Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan. Antara News Kalimantan Barat. https://kalbar.antaranews.com/berita/403910/bksda-kalbar-ajak-semua-pihak-lestarikan-cagar-alam-muara-kendawangan <br>
Antara News. (2023, October 17). BKSDA Kalbar pindahkan orang utan terjebak di kebun sawit. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/3787884/bksda-kalbar-pindahkan-orang-utan-terjebak-di-kebun-sawit <br>

'''Page created by: '''Aime Mizero''' Date:''' 2025-06-09