Salonga National Park - Revision history

WikiEdit at 00:10, 15 October 2026

2026-10-15T00:10:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:10, 14 October 2026
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	= Site characteristics =		= Site characteristics =

	Salonga National Park (SNP) is the largest protected area of pristine rainforest in the African continent (33,500 km²). Located south of the Congo river, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, it is a [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/280/ UNESCO World Heritage] site and a stronghold for many endangered species. SNP, is divided into two blocks, North and South, separated by a 45 km wide inhabited buffer zone. Since 2015, the park is co-managed by the Congolese Institute for Nature Conservation (ICCN) in collaboration with the World Wide Fund for Nature ([https://www.wwf-congobasin.org/where_we_work/priority_places/salonga_national_park/ WWF]).		[[#R02009\|Salonga National Park]] (SNP) is the largest protected area of pristine rainforest in the African continent (33,500 km²). Located south of the Congo river, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, it is a [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/280/ UNESCO World Heritage] site and a stronghold for many endangered species. SNP, is divided into two blocks, North and South, separated by a 45 km wide inhabited buffer zone. Since 2015, the park is co-managed by the Congolese Institute for Nature Conservation (ICCN) in collaboration with the World Wide Fund for Nature ([https://www.wwf-congobasin.org/where_we_work/priority_places/salonga_national_park/ WWF]).
	In addition to bonobos, SNP harbours one of the few remnant populations of forest elephants (''Loxodonta cyclotis'') in the country. SNP is also home to 8 species of monkeys: Thollon’s red colobus (''Piliocolobus tholloni''), the Angola Pied Colobus (''Colobus angolensis''), Allen’s Swamp Monkey (''Allenopithecus nigroviridis''), Red-tailed monkey (''Cercopithecus ascanius''), Wolf's mona monkey (''Cercopithecus wolfii''), De Brazza’s Monkey (''Cercopithecus neglectus''), the Black Mangabey (''Lophocebus aterrinus'') and the Golden-bellied mangabey (''Cercocebus chrysogaster''). A large ungulate community is found in the Park, including the forest buffalo (''Syncerus caffer'') and the endangered Bongo (''Tragelaphus euryceros''), along with large carnivores such a the leopard (''Panthera pardus'') and the African golden cat (''Caracal aurata''). Finally, SNP is a stronghold for other endangered mammals such as the Giant ground pangolin (''Smutsia gigantea''), and for stunning birds such as the endemic Congo peafowl (''Afropavo congensis''). The entomofauna and floral diversity is equally rich, with many species expected being still unknown to science.		In addition to bonobos, SNP harbours one of the few remnant populations of forest elephants (''Loxodonta cyclotis'') in the country. SNP is also home to 8 species of monkeys: Thollon’s red colobus (''Piliocolobus tholloni''), the Angola Pied Colobus (''Colobus angolensis''), Allen’s Swamp Monkey (''Allenopithecus nigroviridis''), Red-tailed monkey (''Cercopithecus ascanius''), Wolf's mona monkey (''Cercopithecus wolfii''), De Brazza’s Monkey (''Cercopithecus neglectus''), the Black Mangabey (''Lophocebus aterrinus'') and the Golden-bellied mangabey (''Cercocebus chrysogaster''). A large ungulate community is found in the Park, including the forest buffalo (''Syncerus caffer'') and the endangered Bongo (''Tragelaphus euryceros''), along with large carnivores such a the leopard (''Panthera pardus'') and the African golden cat (''Caracal aurata''). Finally, SNP is a stronghold for other endangered mammals such as the Giant ground pangolin (''Smutsia gigantea''), and for stunning birds such as the endemic Congo peafowl (''Afropavo congensis''). The entomofauna and floral diversity is equally rich, with many species expected being still unknown to science.

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	= Conservation activities =		= Conservation activities =

	[[#R02139\|WWF has been working in Salonga since 2005]], supporting the Congolese park authority ICCN (Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature) in managing the park and engaging with local communities to identify and develop alternative livelihood opportunities (WWF n.d.). Since 2015, WWF is co-managing the park together with the ICCN (WWF n.d.). The site represents the largest existing expanse of legally-protected and intact bonobo habitat; protection of this park and it’s wildlife is therefore of paramount importance ([[#R01629\|IUCN & ICCN 2012]]). To control the increase in elephant poaching and the proliferation of military weapons in the region, government armed forces (FARDC) undertook a joint operation with ICCN, called Operation Bonobo, in 2011 ([[#R01629\|IUCN & ICCN 2012]], [[#R01632\|Mukpo 2019]]). The operation was said to be successful in returning the ICCN control of the park.		[[#R02139\|WWF has been working in Salonga since 2005]], supporting the Congolese park authority ICCN (Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature) in managing the park and engaging with local communities to identify and develop alternative livelihood opportunities ([[#R01637\|WWF n.d]].). Since 2015, WWF is co-managing the park together with the ICCN ([[#R01637\|WWF n.d]].). The site represents the largest existing expanse of legally-protected and intact bonobo habitat; protection of this park and it’s wildlife is therefore of paramount importance ([[#R01629\|IUCN & ICCN 2012]]). To control the increase in elephant poaching and the proliferation of military weapons in the region, government armed forces (FARDC) undertook a joint operation with ICCN, called Operation Bonobo, in 2011 ([[#R01629\|IUCN & ICCN 2012]], [[#R01632\|Mukpo 2019]]). The operation was said to be successful in returning the ICCN control of the park.

	'''Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Salonga National Park'''		'''Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Salonga National Park'''

WikiEdit at 19:12, 14 October 2026

2026-10-14T19:12:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:12, 14 October 2026
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	\|[[#R01625\|Grossmann et al. 2008]]		\|[[#R01625\|Grossmann et al. 2008]]
	\|		\|
	\|COD0170, COD0183, COD0184, COD0188		\|COD0170, COD0183<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="+2 more" data-collapsetext="less">COD0184, COD0188</div>
	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan paniscus''		\|''Pan paniscus''
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	\|[[#R01625\|Grossman et al. 2008]]		\|[[#R01625\|Grossman et al. 2008]]
	\|		\|
	\|COD0170, COD0183, COD0184, COD0188		\|COD0170, COD0183<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="+2 more" data-collapsetext="less">COD0184, COD0188</div>
	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan paniscus''		\|''Pan paniscus''
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	\|[[#R01625\|Grossman et al. 2008]]		\|[[#R01625\|Grossman et al. 2008]]
	\|Survey effort: 95.2 km		\|Survey effort: 95.2 km
	\|COD0170, COD0183, COD0184, COD0188		\|COD0170, COD0183<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="+2 more" data-collapsetext="less">COD0184, COD0188</div>
	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan paniscus''		\|''Pan paniscus''
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	\|[[#R01625\|Grossman et al. 2008]]		\|[[#R01625\|Grossman et al. 2008]]
	\|Survey effort: 515 km		\|Survey effort: 515 km
	\|COD0170, COD0183, COD0184, COD0188		\|COD0170, COD0183<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="+2 more" data-collapsetext="less">COD0184, COD0188</div>
	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan paniscus''		\|''Pan paniscus''
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	\|[[#R01625\|Grossmann et al. 2008]]		\|[[#R01625\|Grossmann et al. 2008]]
	\|		\|
	\|COD0170, COD0183, COD0184, COD0188		\|COD0170, COD0183<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="+2 more" data-collapsetext="less">COD0184, COD0188</div>
	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan paniscus''		\|''Pan paniscus''
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	\|[[#R01634\|Reinartz et al. 2006]]		\|[[#R01634\|Reinartz et al. 2006]]
	\|		\|
	\|COD0152, COD0179, COD0180, COD0182, COD0185, COD0191, COD0192, COD0196, COD0198		\|COD0152, COD0179<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="+7 more" data-collapsetext="less">COD0180, COD0182, COD0185, COD0191, COD0192, COD0196, COD0198</div>
	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan paniscus''		\|''Pan paniscus''
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	\|[[#R01634\|Reinartz et al. 2006]]		\|[[#R01634\|Reinartz et al. 2006]]
	\|		\|
	\|COD0152, COD0179, COD0180, COD0182, COD0185, COD0191, COD0192, COD0196, COD0198		\|COD0152, COD0179<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="+7 more" data-collapsetext="less">COD0180, COD0182, COD0185, COD0191, COD0192, COD0196, COD0198</div>
	\|}		\|}

WikiEdit at 20:30, 12 October 2026

2026-10-12T20:30:44Z

Show changes

WikiEdit at 14:50, 1 September 2026

2026-09-01T14:50:17Z

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WikiEdit at 09:47, 14 July 2026

2026-07-14T09:47:01Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:47, 14 July 2026
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	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan paniscus''		\|''Pan paniscus''
	\|2005~~-2006~~		\|2005
	\|		\|
	\|2.29		\|1.15
	\|		\|0.27 (0.14-0.56)
	\|		\|541 (281-1,119)
	\|~~Lomela Block~~ (2,~~750~~ km²)		\|Salonga Lokofa (2,000 km²)
	\|Line transects		\|Line transects
	\|		\|
	\|~~Grossman~~ et al. 2008		\|Grossmann et al. 2008
	~~\|Survey effort: 95.2 km~~
	\|
	\|-
	~~\|''Pan paniscus''~~
	~~\|2006~~
	\|		\|
	\|
	\|
	~~\|7,826 (3,814-10,618)~~
	~~\|Salonga National Park, North Block~~
	~~\|Line transects & recces~~
	\|
	~~\|Grossman et al. 2008~~
	\|
	\|
	\|-
	~~\|''Pan paniscus''~~
	~~\|2005-2006~~
	\|
	~~\|1.8~~
	\|
	\|
	~~\|Lomela Block (2,750 km²)~~
	~~\|Reconnaissance walk~~
	\|
	~~\|Grossman et al. 2008~~
	~~\|Survey effort: 515 km~~
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
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	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan paniscus''		\|''Pan paniscus''
	\|~~2005~~		\|2016-2018
			\|
	\|		\|
	~~\|1.15~~		\|0.54 (0.21-1.21)
	\|0.27 (0.14-0.56)		\|9,246 (3,596-20,720)
	\|~~541~~ (~~281~~-1,~~119~~)		\|Salonga National Park, South block (17,000 km²,)
	\|Salonga ~~Lokofa~~ (2,000 km²)		\|Camera trap
	\|~~Line transects~~
	\|		\|
	\|~~Grossmann~~ et al. ~~2008~~		\|Bessone et al. 2020
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
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	\|-		\|-
	\|''Pan paniscus''		\|''Pan paniscus''
	\|~~2016~~-~~2018~~		\|2005-2006
			\|
			\|2.29
			\|
			\|
			\|Lomela Block (2,750 km²)
			\|Line transects
			\|
			\|Grossman et al. 2008
			\|Survey effort: 95.2 km
			\|
			\|-
			\|''Pan paniscus''
			\|2006
			\|
			\|
			\|
			\|7,826 (3,814-10,618)
			\|Salonga National Park, North Block
			\|Line transects & recces
			\|
			\|Grossman et al. 2008
			\|
			\|
			\|-
			\|''Pan paniscus''
			\|2005-2006
	\|		\|
			\|1.8
	\|		\|
	~~\|0.54 (0.21-1.21)~~
	~~\|9,246 (3,596-20,720)~~
	~~\|Salonga National Park, South block (17,000 km²,)~~
	~~\|Camera trap~~
	\|		\|
	\|~~Bessone et al. 2020~~		\|Lomela Block (2,750 km²)
			\|Reconnaissance walk
	\|		\|
			\|Grossman et al. 2008
			\|Survey effort: 515 km
	\|		\|
	\|}		\|}

WikiEdit at 13:32, 2 June 2026

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← Older revision		Revision as of 09:32, 2 June 2026
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	\|Clearing land for agriculture ([https://salonga.org/the-park/ Salonga National Park]). A small proportion of the site is concerned, with slash and burn concentrated outside the site borders.		\|Clearing land for agriculture ([https://salonga.org/the-park/ Salonga National Park]). A small proportion of the site is concerned, with slash and burn concentrated outside the site borders.
	\|Ongoing (2021)		\|Ongoing (2021)
	\|-
	~~\|4 Transportation & service corridors~~
	~~\|Other~~
	~~\|High (more than 70% of population affected)~~
	~~\|Nearly 85% of the north block is within 15 km of a river navigable by dugout canoe (Grossman et al. 2008).~~
	~~\|Ongoing (2008)~~
	\|-		\|-
	\|5 Biological resource use		\|5 Biological resource use
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	\|The frequent presence of humans, particularly (but not solely) due to the presence of 8 villages within the site borders, exposes bonobos to human-transmitted diseases such as Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever, with two recent outbreaks north of the Park, in Mbandaka (2018) and Boende (2014).		\|The frequent presence of humans, particularly (but not solely) due to the presence of 8 villages within the site borders, exposes bonobos to human-transmitted diseases such as Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever, with two recent outbreaks north of the Park, in Mbandaka (2018) and Boende (2014).
	\|2014, 2018		\|2014, 2018
			\|-
			\|4 Transportation & service corridors
			\|Other
			\|High (more than 70% of population affected)
			\|Nearly 85% of the north block is within 15 km of a river navigable by dugout canoe (Grossman et al. 2008).
			\|Ongoing (2008)
	\|}		\|}

WikiEdit at 09:24, 21 April 2026

2026-04-21T09:24:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:24, 21 April 2026
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	\|Clearing land for agriculture ([https://salonga.org/the-park/ Salonga National Park]). A small proportion of the site is concerned, with slash and burn concentrated outside the site borders.		\|Clearing land for agriculture ([https://salonga.org/the-park/ Salonga National Park]). A small proportion of the site is concerned, with slash and burn concentrated outside the site borders.
	\|Ongoing (2021)		\|Ongoing (2021)
			\|-
			\|4 Transportation & service corridors
			\|Other
			\|High (more than 70% of population affected)
			\|Nearly 85% of the north block is within 15 km of a river navigable by dugout canoe (Grossman et al. 2008).
			\|Ongoing (2008)
	\|-		\|-
	\|5 Biological resource use		\|5 Biological resource use
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	\|The frequent presence of humans, particularly (but not solely) due to the presence of 8 villages within the site borders, exposes bonobos to human-transmitted diseases such as Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever, with two recent outbreaks north of the Park, in Mbandaka (2018) and Boende (2014).		\|The frequent presence of humans, particularly (but not solely) due to the presence of 8 villages within the site borders, exposes bonobos to human-transmitted diseases such as Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever, with two recent outbreaks north of the Park, in Mbandaka (2018) and Boende (2014).
	\|2014, 2018		\|2014, 2018
	\|-
	~~\|4 Transportation & service corridors~~
	~~\|Other~~
	~~\|High (more than 70% of population affected)~~
	~~\|Nearly 85% of the north block is within 15 km of a river navigable by dugout canoe (Grossman et al. 2008).~~
	~~\|Ongoing (2008)~~
	\|}		\|}

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	\|-		\|-
	\|2 Resources and capacity		\|2 Resources and capacity
	\|2.5 Lack of ~~equipment~~/~~transportation~~		\|2.1 Lack of capacity/training
	\|WWF n.d.		\|WWF n.d.
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|2 Resources and capacity		\|2 Resources and capacity
	\|2.1 Lack of ~~capacity~~/~~training~~		\|2.5 Lack of equipment/transportation
	\|WWF n.d.		\|WWF n.d.
	\|		\|

WikiEdit at 14:48, 25 March 2026

2026-03-25T14:48:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:48, 25 March 2026
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	* Conservation activities have focused on biomonitoring, anti-poaching patrols and surveillance with SMART software application, education and awareness raising, and presence of researchers and staff.		* Conservation activities have focused on biomonitoring, anti-poaching patrols and surveillance with SMART software application, education and awareness raising, and presence of researchers and staff.
	* The park was declared a World Heritage Site in 1984 and is the largest expanse of legally protected bonobo habitat.		* The park was declared a World Heritage Site in 1984 and is the largest expanse of legally protected bonobo habitat.




	<div><ul> <li style="display: inline-block;">[[File: Anga_station.jpg \| 300px \| thumb\| none \|View of Salonga National Park, South Block, from the guard Station of Anga © Mattia Bessone – PNS Survey]]<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File: Stream_Anga_sector.jpg \| 300px \| thumb\| none \| A small stream on the path to Iyaelima, Sector of Anga © Mattia Bessone – PNS Survey]]<li style="display: inline-block;">[[File: Luilaka_river.jpg \| 300px \| thumb\| none \| Luilaka river, Sector of Monkoto © Mattia Bessone – PNS Survey]]</ul></div>		<div><ul> <li style="display: inline-block;">[[File: Anga_station.jpg \| 300px \| thumb\| none \|View of Salonga National Park, South Block, from the guard Station of Anga © Mattia Bessone – PNS Survey]]<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File: Stream_Anga_sector.jpg \| 300px \| thumb\| none \| A small stream on the path to Iyaelima, Sector of Anga © Mattia Bessone – PNS Survey]]<li style="display: inline-block;">[[File: Luilaka_river.jpg \| 300px \| thumb\| none \| Luilaka river, Sector of Monkoto © Mattia Bessone – PNS Survey]]</ul></div>
	= Site characteristics =		= Site characteristics =
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	!Year of threat		!Year of threat
	\|-		\|-
	\|~~4 Transportation~~ & ~~service corridors~~		\|2 Agriculture & aquaculture
	\|~~Other~~		\|2.1.1 Shifting agriculture
	\|~~High~~ (~~more than 70~~% of population affected)		\|Low (up to 30% of population affected)
	\|~~Nearly 85%~~ of the ~~north block~~ is ~~within 15 km of a river navigable by dugout canoe (Grossman et al. 2008)~~.		\|Clearing land for agriculture ([https://salonga.org/the-park/ Salonga National Park]). A small proportion of the site is concerned, with slash and burn concentrated outside the site borders.
	\|Ongoing (~~2008~~)		\|Ongoing (2021)
	\|-		\|-
	\|5 Biological resource use		\|5 Biological resource use
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	\|2014, 2018		\|2014, 2018
	\|-		\|-
	\|~~2 Agriculture~~ & ~~aquaculture~~		\|4 Transportation & service corridors
	\|~~2.1.1 Shifting agriculture~~		\|Other
	\|~~Low~~ (~~up to 30~~% of population affected)		\|High (more than 70% of population affected)
	\|~~Clearing land for agriculture~~ (~~[https://salonga~~.~~org/the-park/ Salonga National Park]~~)~~. A small proportion of the site is concerned, with slash and burn concentrated outside the site borders~~.		\|Nearly 85% of the north block is within 15 km of a river navigable by dugout canoe (Grossman et al. 2008).
	\|Ongoing (~~2021~~)		\|Ongoing (2008)
	\|}		\|}

WikiEdit at 07:31, 4 February 2026

2026-02-04T07:31:21Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:31, 4 February 2026
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	\|National Park since 1970.		\|National Park since 1970.
	\|		\|
	\|1970-Ongoing (~~2020~~)		\|1970-Ongoing (2026)
	\|-		\|-
	\|8 Permanent presence		\|8 Permanent presence

WikiEdit at 14:32, 23 December 2025

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@@ Line 236: / Line 236: @@
 !Implementing organization(s)
 !Year of activity
 |-
 |2 Counter-wildlife crime
@@ Line 266: / Line 254: @@
+|
 |Ongoing (2020)
 |-
 |4 Education & awareness
@@ Line 272: / Line 266: @@
+|
 |Ongoing (2020)
 |-
 |8 Permanent presence