Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park - Revision history

WikiEdit at 20:30, 12 October 2026

2026-10-12T20:30:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:30, 12 October 2026
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	= Site characteristics =		= Site characteristics =

	Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park, previously known as Inani Reserve Forest, was declared a National Park in 2019. The site is located in southern Bangladesh. The park encompasses the last remnants of degraded natural forest in Cox’s Bazar South Forest Division and supports many wildlife species of conservation concern (Kabir et al. 2021). At the core of the gibbon habitat in the park, the following threatened species are also found: Asian Elephants, ''Elephas maximus'', Phayre’s Langur, ''Trachypithecus phayrei'', Elongated Tortoise, ''Indotestudo elongata'', Capped Langur, ''Trachypithecus pileatus'', Northern Pig-tailed Macaque, ''Macaca leonina'', Indian Leopard, ''Panthera pardus'', and Asiatic Softshell Turtle, ''Amyda cartilaginea'' (Kabir et al. 2021). The forests of the national park also form a wildlife corridor between Myanmar and Bangladesh, known as the Asian Elephant corridor. The vegetation of Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park is mixed-evergreen forest dominated by degraded secondary forests (Kabir et al. 2021).		Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park, previously known as Inani Reserve Forest, was declared a National Park in 2019. The site is located in southern Bangladesh. The park encompasses the last remnants of degraded natural forest in Cox’s Bazar South Forest Division and supports many wildlife species of conservation concern ([[#R01694\|Kabir et al. 2021]]). At the core of the gibbon habitat in the park, the following threatened species are also found: Asian Elephants, ''Elephas maximus'', Phayre’s Langur, ''Trachypithecus phayrei'', Elongated Tortoise, ''Indotestudo elongata'', Capped Langur, ''Trachypithecus pileatus'', Northern Pig-tailed Macaque, ''Macaca leonina'', Indian Leopard, ''Panthera pardus'', and Asiatic Softshell Turtle, ''Amyda cartilaginea'' ([[#R01694\|Kabir et al. 2021]]). The forests of the national park also form a wildlife corridor between Myanmar and Bangladesh, known as the Asian Elephant corridor. The vegetation of Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park is mixed-evergreen forest dominated by degraded secondary forests ([[#R01694\|Kabir et al. 2021]]).

	'''Table 1. Basic site information for Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park'''		'''Table 1. Basic site information for Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park'''
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	= Ape status =		= Ape status =

	The park likely supported a larger gibbon population during a 2003–2004 survey. In addition, habitat quality was much better at that time (Kabir et al. 2021). Gibbons have now become locally extinct in Ukhia (Kabir et al. 2021).It was revealed in a 2021 study that Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park supports the fourth largest population of Western Hoolock Gibbons in Bangladesh, after the larger populations in Lawachara National Park, Adampur Reserved Forest, and Kaptai National Park (Kabir et al. 2021).		The park likely supported a larger gibbon population during a 2003–2004 survey. In addition, habitat quality was much better at that time ([[#R01694\|Kabir et al. 2021]]). Gibbons have now become locally extinct in Ukhia ([[#R01694\|Kabir et al. 2021]]).It was revealed in a 2021 study that Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park supports the fourth largest population of Western Hoolock Gibbons in Bangladesh, after the larger populations in Lawachara National Park, Adampur Reserved Forest, and Kaptai National Park ([[#R01694\|Kabir et al. 2021]]).

	'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park'''		'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park'''
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	\|Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park		\|Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park
	\|Fixed point triangulation		\|Fixed point triangulation
	\|Kabir et al. 2021		\|[[#R01694\|Kabir et al. 2021]]
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
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	= Threats =		= Threats =

	The majority of Rohingya refugees coming from Myanmar, have settled around or inside the Ukhia Reserved Forest, Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park, and Teknaf Wildlife Sanctuary (Kabir et al. 2021). Makeshift camps and collection of fuel-wood have resulted in forest degradation, habitat loss and habitat fragmentation, as well as increased elephant-human conflict (Kabir et al. 2021). The extraction of forest products by local communities and refugees are also adversely impacting gibbons and other wildlife species and the quality of their habitats. Loss of food adequate sources and changes in habitat structures have led to lower encounter rates and lower reproductive output in the park, in comparison to other sites (Kabir et al. 2021).		The majority of Rohingya refugees coming from Myanmar, have settled around or inside the Ukhia Reserved Forest, Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park, and Teknaf Wildlife Sanctuary ([[#R01694\|Kabir et al. 2021]]). Makeshift camps and collection of fuel-wood have resulted in forest degradation, habitat loss and habitat fragmentation, as well as increased elephant-human conflict ([[#R01694\|Kabir et al. 2021]]). The extraction of forest products by local communities and refugees are also adversely impacting gibbons and other wildlife species and the quality of their habitats. Loss of food adequate sources and changes in habitat structures have led to lower encounter rates and lower reproductive output in the park, in comparison to other sites ([[#R01694\|Kabir et al. 2021]]).

	'''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park'''		'''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park'''
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	\|5.2 Gathering terrestrial plants		\|5.2 Gathering terrestrial plants
	\|Medium (30-70% of population affected)		\|Medium (30-70% of population affected)
	\|Refugees and the local population collect forest products (Kabir et al. 2021).		\|Refugees and the local population collect forest products ([[#R01694\|Kabir et al. 2021]]).
	\|Ongoing (2021)		\|Ongoing (2021)
	\|-		\|-
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	\|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting		\|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
	\|High (more than 70% of population affected)		\|High (more than 70% of population affected)
	\|Widespread collection of fuelwood by local people and refugees (Kabir et al. 2021).		\|Widespread collection of fuelwood by local people and refugees ([[#R01694\|Kabir et al. 2021]]).
	\|Ongoing (2021)		\|Ongoing (2021)
	\|-		\|-
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	\|6.2 War, civil unrest & military exercises		\|6.2 War, civil unrest & military exercises
	\|High (more than 70% of population affected)		\|High (more than 70% of population affected)
	\|Impacts on the habitat by refugees is estimated to cover 44% of the 60,000 ha landscape encompassing Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park, Ukhia Forest Range and Teknaf Wildlife Sanctuary (Kabir et al. 2021).		\|Impacts on the habitat by refugees is estimated to cover 44% of the 60,000 ha landscape encompassing Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park, Ukhia Forest Range and Teknaf Wildlife Sanctuary ([[#R01694\|Kabir et al. 2021]]).
	\|Ongoing (2021)		\|Ongoing (2021)
	\|}		\|}
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	= Conservation activities =		= Conservation activities =

	Liquefied petroleum gas and improved cooking stoves have been distributed since 2018 to Rohingya refugees and local communities to reduce the demand for firewood from the site and nearby forests (Kabir et al. 2021). Small-scale fuel-wood collection continues to pose a threat, even though the demand for fuelwood dropped with the provision of gas (Kabir et al. 2021).		Liquefied petroleum gas and improved cooking stoves have been distributed since 2018 to Rohingya refugees and local communities to reduce the demand for firewood from the site and nearby forests ([[#R01694\|Kabir et al. 2021]]). Small-scale fuel-wood collection continues to pose a threat, even though the demand for fuelwood dropped with the provision of gas ([[#R01694\|Kabir et al. 2021]]).

	'''Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park'''		'''Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park'''
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	= References =		= References =

	Kabir, M. T., Ahsan, M. F., Cheyne, S. M., Sah, S. A. M., Lappan, S., Bartlett, T. Q., & Ruppert, N. (2021). Population assessment of the endangered Western Hoolock Gibbon Hoolock hoolock Harlan, 1834 at Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park, Bangladesh, and conservation significance of this site for threatened wildlife species. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 13(7), 18687-18694.		<span id="R01694"></span>Kabir, M. T., Ahsan, M. F., Cheyne, S. M., Sah, S. A. M., Lappan, S., Bartlett, T. Q., & Ruppert, N. (2021). Population assessment of the endangered Western Hoolock Gibbon Hoolock hoolock Harlan, 1834 at Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park, Bangladesh, and conservation significance of this site for threatened wildlife species. ''Journal of Threatened Taxa'', 13(7), 18687-18694. [https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.7207.13.7.18687-18694 doi:10.11609/jott.7207.13.7.18687-18694]



	'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2021-12-30		'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2021-12-30

WikiEdit at 14:48, 25 March 2026

2026-03-25T14:48:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:48, 25 March 2026
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	* Key threats to gibbons are human encroachment, collection of fuelwood and non-timber forest products.		* Key threats to gibbons are human encroachment, collection of fuelwood and non-timber forest products.
	* Conservation activities are not documented.		* Conservation activities are not documented.





	= Site characteristics =		= Site characteristics =

WikiEdit at 07:31, 4 February 2026

2026-02-04T07:31:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:31, 4 February 2026
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	\|The site was designated as a national park in 2019.		\|The site was designated as a national park in 2019.
	\|		\|
	\|2019-Ongoing (~~2021~~)		\|2019-Ongoing (2026)
	\|}		\|}

WikiEdit at 06:54, 6 November 2025

2025-11-06T06:54:51Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:54, 6 November 2025
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	\|		\|
	\|7		\|7
	\|18		\|18.0
	\|Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park		\|Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park
	\|Fixed point triangulation		\|Fixed point triangulation

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[[Asia]] > [[Bangladesh]] > [[Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park]]

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__TOC__
= Summary =

<div style='float: right'>{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers=OpenStreetMap,OpenTopoMap|21.155036, 92.087779~[[Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park]]~''Hoolock hoolock''}}</div>
* Western hoolock gibbons (''Hoolock hoolock'') are present in Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park.
* It has been estimated that 18 individuals occur in the site.
* The gibbon population trend is decreasing.
* The site has a total size of 70.85 km².
* Key threats to gibbons are human encroachment, collection of fuelwood and non-timber forest products.
* Conservation activities are not documented.

= Site characteristics =

Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park, previously known as Inani Reserve Forest, was declared a National Park in 2019. The site is located in southern Bangladesh. The park encompasses the last remnants of degraded natural forest in Cox’s Bazar South Forest Division and supports many wildlife species of conservation concern (Kabir et al. 2021). At the core of the gibbon habitat in the park, the following threatened species are also found: Asian Elephants, ''Elephas maximus'', Phayre’s Langur, ''Trachypithecus phayrei'', Elongated Tortoise, ''Indotestudo elongata'', Capped Langur, ''Trachypithecus pileatus'', Northern Pig-tailed Macaque, ''Macaca leonina'', Indian Leopard, ''Panthera pardus'', and Asiatic Softshell Turtle, ''Amyda cartilaginea'' (Kabir et al. 2021). The forests of the national park also form a wildlife corridor between Myanmar and Bangladesh, known as the Asian Elephant corridor. The vegetation of Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park is mixed-evergreen forest dominated by degraded secondary forests (Kabir et al. 2021).

'''Table 1. Basic site information for Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
|Species
|''Hoolock hoolock''
|-
|Area
|70.85 km²
|-
|Coordinates
|Lat: 21.155036 , Lon: 92.087779
|-
|Type of site
|Protected area (National Park)
|-
|Habitat types
|Subtropical/tropical heavily degraded former forest
|-
|Type of governance
|
|}

[[Types of sites]] [[Governance types]] [[Habitat types]]
= Ape status =

The park likely supported a larger gibbon population during a 2003–2004 survey. In addition, habitat quality was much better at that time (Kabir et al. 2021). Gibbons have now become locally extinct in Ukhia (Kabir et al. 2021).It was revealed in a 2021 study that Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park supports the fourth largest population of Western Hoolock Gibbons in Bangladesh, after the larger populations in Lawachara National Park, Adampur Reserved Forest, and Kaptai National Park (Kabir et al. 2021).

'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Ape_status-table"
!Species
!Year
!Total number groups (95% CI)
!Density [groups/km²] (95% CI)
!Total number indiv. (95% CI)
!Area
!Method
!Source
!Comments
!A.P.E.S. database ID
|-
|''Hoolock hoolock''
|2021
|
|7
|18
|Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park
|Fixed point triangulation
|Kabir et al. 2021
|
|
|}

[[Sampling methods]] [[Analytical frameworks]]
= Threats =

The majority of Rohingya refugees coming from Myanmar, have settled around or inside the Ukhia Reserved Forest, Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park, and Teknaf Wildlife Sanctuary (Kabir et al. 2021). Makeshift camps and collection of fuel-wood have resulted in forest degradation, habitat loss and habitat fragmentation, as well as increased elephant-human conflict (Kabir et al. 2021). The extraction of forest products by local communities and refugees are also adversely impacting gibbons and other wildlife species and the quality of their habitats. Loss of food adequate sources and changes in habitat structures have led to lower encounter rates and lower reproductive output in the park, in comparison to other sites (Kabir et al. 2021).

'''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Threats-table"
!Category
!Specific threats
!Threat level
!Description
!Year of threat
|-
|5 Biological resource use
|5.2 Gathering terrestrial plants
|Medium (30-70% of population affected)
|Refugees and the local population collect forest products (Kabir et al. 2021).
|Ongoing (2021)
|-
|5 Biological resource use
|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
|Widespread collection of fuelwood by local people and refugees (Kabir et al. 2021).
|Ongoing (2021)
|-
|6 Human intrusions & disturbance
|6.2 War, civil unrest & military exercises
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
|Impacts on the habitat by refugees is estimated to cover 44% of the 60,000 ha landscape encompassing Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park, Ukhia Forest Range and Teknaf Wildlife Sanctuary (Kabir et al. 2021).
|Ongoing (2021)
|}

[[Threats]]
= Conservation activities =

Liquefied petroleum gas and improved cooking stoves have been distributed since 2018 to Rohingya refugees and local communities to reduce the demand for firewood from the site and nearby forests (Kabir et al. 2021). Small-scale fuel-wood collection continues to pose a threat, even though the demand for fuelwood dropped with the provision of gas (Kabir et al. 2021).

'''Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Conservation_activities-table"
!Category
!Specific activity
!Description
!Implementing organization(s)
!Year of activity
|-
|5 Protection & restoration
|5.2 Legally protect ape habitat
|The site was designated as a national park in 2019.
|
|2019-Ongoing (2021)
|}

[[Conservation activities]]
= Challenges =

'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Challenges-table"
!Challenges
!Specific challenges
!Source
!Year(s)
|-
|
|Not reported
|
|
|}

[[Challenges]]
= Enablers =

'''Table 6. Enablers reported for Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="enabler-table"
!Enablers
!Specific enablers
!Source
!Year(s)
|-
|1 Site management
|
|
|
|-
|2 Resources and capacity
|
|
|
|-
|3 Engaged community
|
|
|
|-
|4 Institutional support
|
|
|
|-
|5 Ecological context
|
|
|
|-
|6 Safety and stability
|
|
|
|}

[[Enablers]]
= Research activities =

= Documented behaviours =

'''Table 7. Behaviours documented for Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviours-table"
!Category
!Behavior
!Observation type
!Prevalence
!Observation dates
!Source
!Habituation
!Species
!Comment
|-
|
|Not reported
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}

[[Behaviours]]
= Exposure to climate change impacts =

= External links =

= References =

Kabir, M. T., Ahsan, M. F., Cheyne, S. M., Sah, S. A. M., Lappan, S., Bartlett, T. Q., & Ruppert, N. (2021). Population assessment of the endangered Western Hoolock Gibbon Hoolock hoolock Harlan, 1834 at Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park, Bangladesh, and conservation significance of this site for threatened wildlife species. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 13(7), 18687-18694.

'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2021-12-30