Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve: Difference between revisions
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* The reported threat is annual forest fires, with a higher frequency during the dry season. | * The reported threat is annual forest fires, with a higher frequency during the dry season. | ||
* Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve has held the protected area status since 1982. | * Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve has held the protected area status since 1982. | ||
= Site characteristics = | = Site characteristics = | ||
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|7.1 Fire & fire suppression | |7.1 Fire & fire suppression | ||
|Present (unknown severity) | |Present (unknown severity) | ||
|The site experiences annual forest fires, with a higher frequency during the dry season (Antara News Kalbar 2024). | |The site experiences annual forest fires, with a higher frequency during the dry season ([[#R01347|Antara News Kalbar 2024]]). | ||
|2024-Ongoing (2025) | |2024-Ongoing (2025) | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|5 Protection & restoration | |5 Protection & restoration | ||
|5.2 Legally protect ape habitat | |5.2 Legally protect ape habitat | ||
|Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve has held the protected area status since 1982 (Sherman et al. 2022). | |Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve has held the protected area status since 1982 ([[#R01348|Sherman et al. 2022]]). | ||
| | | | ||
|1982-Ongoing (2026) | |1982-Ongoing (2026) | ||
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|6 Species management | |6 Species management | ||
|6.7 Translocate (capture & release) wild apes from human impacted sites to natural habitat elsewhere | |6.7 Translocate (capture & release) wild apes from human impacted sites to natural habitat elsewhere | ||
|An orangutan found trapped in a palm oil plantation in Ketapang was relocated to the Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve by a team from the West Kalimantan Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA), YIARI, and Cargill. The relocation was done to ensure the orangutan's safety and provide a suitable habitat for breeding (Antara News, 2023). | |An orangutan found trapped in a palm oil plantation in Ketapang was relocated to the Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve by a team from the West Kalimantan Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA), YIARI, and Cargill. The relocation was done to ensure the orangutan's safety and provide a suitable habitat for breeding ([[#R01346|Antara News, 2023]]). | ||
|West Kalimantan Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA), YIARI, and Cargill | |West Kalimantan Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA), YIARI, and Cargill | ||
|2023 | |2023 | ||
| Line 134: | Line 130: | ||
= Research activities = | = Research activities = | ||
Research activities were reported to be carried out in Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve, details are unknown (Sherman et al. 2022). | Research activities were reported to be carried out in Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve, details are unknown ([[#R01348|Sherman et al. 2022]]). | ||
= Documented behaviours = | = Documented behaviours = | ||
| Line 150: | Line 146: | ||
= References = | = References = | ||
<span id="R01346"></span>Antara News. (2023, October 17). BKSDA Kalbar pindahkan orang utan terjebak di kebun sawit. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/3787884/bksda-kalbar-pindahkan-orang-utan-terjebak-di-kebun-sawit | |||
Antara News Kalbar. (2024, April 26). BKSDA Kalbar ajak semua pihak lestarikan Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan. Antara News Kalimantan Barat. https://kalbar.antaranews.com/berita/403910/bksda-kalbar-ajak-semua-pihak-lestarikan-cagar-alam-muara-kendawangan | |||
<span id="R01347"></span>Antara News Kalbar. (2024, April 26). BKSDA Kalbar ajak semua pihak lestarikan Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan. Antara News Kalimantan Barat. https://kalbar.antaranews.com/berita/403910/bksda-kalbar-ajak-semua-pihak-lestarikan-cagar-alam-muara-kendawangan | |||
<span id="R01348"></span>Sherman, J., Voigt, M., Ancrenaz, M., Wich, S. A., Qomariah, I. N., Lyman, E., …, & Meijaard, E. (2022). Orangutan killing and trade in Indonesia: Wildlife crime, enforcement, and deterrence patterns. ''Biological Conservation'', 276, 109744. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109744 doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109744] | |||
'''Page created by: '''Aime Mizero''' Date:''' 2025-06-09 | '''Page created by: '''Aime Mizero''' Date:''' 2025-06-09 | ||
Latest revision as of 16:29, 12 October 2026
Asia > Indonesia > Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve
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Summary
- Southwest Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) are present in Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve.
- The orangutan population size is unknown.
- The orangutan population trend is unknown.
- The total site area is 1,375.59 km².
- The reported threat is annual forest fires, with a higher frequency during the dry season.
- Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve has held the protected area status since 1982.
Site characteristics
Table 1. Basic site information for Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve
| Species | Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii |
| Area | 1,375.59 km² |
| Coordinates | Lat: -2.700000 , Lon: 110.616700 |
| Type of site | Protected area (Nature Reserve) |
| Habitat types | Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest, Subtropical/tropical swamp forest, Wetlands (lakes, rivers, streams, bogs, marshes), Marine coastal/supratidal |
| Type of governance | Governance by government |
Types of sites Governance types Habitat types
Ape status
Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve
| Species | Year | Occurrence | Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day) | Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI) | Abundance estimate (95% CI) | Survey area | Sampling method | Analytical framework | Source | Comments | A.P.E.S. database ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii |
Sampling methods Analytical frameworks
Threats
Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve
| Category | Specific threats | Threat level | Description | Year of threat |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 Natural system modifications | 7.1 Fire & fire suppression | Present (unknown severity) | The site experiences annual forest fires, with a higher frequency during the dry season (Antara News Kalbar 2024). | 2024-Ongoing (2025) |
Conservation activities
Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve
| Category | Specific activity | Description | Implementing organization(s) | Year of activity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 Protection & restoration | 5.2 Legally protect ape habitat | Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve has held the protected area status since 1982 (Sherman et al. 2022). | 1982-Ongoing (2026) | |
| 6 Species management | 6.7 Translocate (capture & release) wild apes from human impacted sites to natural habitat elsewhere | An orangutan found trapped in a palm oil plantation in Ketapang was relocated to the Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve by a team from the West Kalimantan Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA), YIARI, and Cargill. The relocation was done to ensure the orangutan's safety and provide a suitable habitat for breeding (Antara News, 2023). | West Kalimantan Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA), YIARI, and Cargill | 2023 |
Challenges
Enablers
Research activities
Research activities were reported to be carried out in Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve, details are unknown (Sherman et al. 2022).
Documented behaviours
Exposure to climate change impacts
External links
References
Antara News. (2023, October 17). BKSDA Kalbar pindahkan orang utan terjebak di kebun sawit. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/3787884/bksda-kalbar-pindahkan-orang-utan-terjebak-di-kebun-sawit
Antara News Kalbar. (2024, April 26). BKSDA Kalbar ajak semua pihak lestarikan Cagar Alam Muara Kendawangan. Antara News Kalimantan Barat. https://kalbar.antaranews.com/berita/403910/bksda-kalbar-ajak-semua-pihak-lestarikan-cagar-alam-muara-kendawangan
Sherman, J., Voigt, M., Ancrenaz, M., Wich, S. A., Qomariah, I. N., Lyman, E., …, & Meijaard, E. (2022). Orangutan killing and trade in Indonesia: Wildlife crime, enforcement, and deterrence patterns. Biological Conservation, 276, 109744. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109744
Page created by: Aime Mizero Date: 2025-06-09