Song Thanh Nature Reserve: Difference between revisions
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= Site characteristics = | = Site characteristics = | ||
Song Thanh Nature Reserve is located in Quang Nam Province, central Vietnam. The site is bordered by Highway 14D to the north, Highway AH17 to the south, Lao PDR to the west, and the Thanh river to the east (Van Tran & Tien Vu 2020). The forest cover is about 90% of the total area of the reserve. The topography of the area is complex, with altitudes ranging from 80 to 2,032 m above sea level (Van Tran & Tien Vu 2020). The reserve is a [http://www.keybiodiversityareas.org/site/factsheet/21875 Key Biodiversity Area]. Field surveys have documented 73 mammal species, 177 bird species, 118 reptile and amphibian species and 671 plant species at the site (USAID 2018). Species records include three mammals found only in this landscape; Owston’s civet, ''Chrotogale owstoni'', the Annamite striped rabbit, ''Nesolagus timminsi'', and the large-antlered muntjac, ''Muntiacus vuquangensis'' ([https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TSDW.pdf USAID]). | Song Thanh Nature Reserve is located in Quang Nam Province, central Vietnam. The site is bordered by Highway 14D to the north, Highway AH17 to the south, Lao PDR to the west, and the Thanh river to the east (Van [[#R01720|Tran & Tien Vu 2020]]). The forest cover is about 90% of the total area of the reserve. The topography of the area is complex, with altitudes ranging from 80 to 2,032 m above sea level (Van [[#R01720|Tran & Tien Vu 2020]]). The reserve is a [http://www.keybiodiversityareas.org/site/factsheet/21875 Key Biodiversity Area]. Field surveys have documented 73 mammal species, 177 bird species, 118 reptile and amphibian species and 671 plant species at the site ([[#R01721|USAID 2018]]). Species records include three mammals found only in this landscape; Owston’s civet, ''Chrotogale owstoni'', the Annamite striped rabbit, ''Nesolagus timminsi'', and the large-antlered muntjac, ''Muntiacus vuquangensis'' ([https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TSDW.pdf USAID]). | ||
'''Table 1. Basic site information for Song Thanh Nature Reserve''' | '''Table 1. Basic site information for Song Thanh Nature Reserve''' | ||
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= Ape status = | = Ape status = | ||
A 2019 survey determined a total suitable habitat for gibbons of 302.32 sq.km (Van Tran & Tien Vu 2020). The survey team detected 36 gibbon groups through field surveys and estimated 443 (95% CI, 278–707) gibbon groups in Song Thanh Nature Reserve. The results indicate that the gibbon population in Song Thanh Nature Reserve is the largest known population of N. annamensis in Vietnam (Van Tran & Tien Vu 2020). Furthermore, it was estimated that the total area of suitable habitat for the northern yellow‐cheeked gibbon was 302.32 km2, or 39.47% of the reserve's area (Van Tran & Tien Vu 2020). | A 2019 survey determined a total suitable habitat for gibbons of 302.32 sq.km (Van [[#R01720|Tran & Tien Vu 2020]]). The survey team detected 36 gibbon groups through field surveys and estimated 443 (95% CI, 278–707) gibbon groups in Song Thanh Nature Reserve. The results indicate that the gibbon population in Song Thanh Nature Reserve is the largest known population of N. annamensis in Vietnam (Van [[#R01720|Tran & Tien Vu 2020]]). Furthermore, it was estimated that the total area of suitable habitat for the northern yellow‐cheeked gibbon was 302.32 km2, or 39.47% of the reserve's area (Van [[#R01720|Tran & Tien Vu 2020]]). | ||
'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Song Thanh Nature Reserve''' | '''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Song Thanh Nature Reserve''' | ||
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|2019 | |2019 | ||
|1.46 group/km2 (95% CI, 0.92-2.34) | |1.46 group/km2 (95% CI, 0.92-2.34) | ||
| | |||
|443 (95% CI, 278-707) | |443 (95% CI, 278-707) | ||
|Song Thanh Nature Reserve | |Song Thanh Nature Reserve | ||
|Fixed point triangulation | |Fixed point triangulation | ||
|Van Tran & Tien Vu 2020 | |Van [[#R01720|Tran & Tien Vu 2020]] | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
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= Threats = | = Threats = | ||
The density distribution of gibbons at the site has been shown to be influenced by the distance to villages (Van Tran & Tien Vu 2020). Local people depend heavily on forest resources. Activities such as illegal logging, wildlife trapping, shifting cultivation and wood collection are the main threats to wildlife in the reserve; especially hunting and trade of wildlife (Hoang et al. 2010). | The density distribution of gibbons at the site has been shown to be influenced by the distance to villages (Van [[#R01720|Tran & Tien Vu 2020]]). Local people depend heavily on forest resources. Activities such as illegal logging, wildlife trapping, shifting cultivation and wood collection are the main threats to wildlife in the reserve; especially hunting and trade of wildlife ([[#R01718|Hoang et al. 2010]]). | ||
'''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Song Thanh Nature Reserve''' | '''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Song Thanh Nature Reserve''' | ||
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|1.1 Residential areas | |1.1 Residential areas | ||
|Present (unknown severity) | |Present (unknown severity) | ||
|The density distribution of gibbons at the site has been shown to be influenced by the distance to villages (Van Tran & Tien Vu 2020). | |The density distribution of gibbons at the site has been shown to be influenced by the distance to villages (Van [[#R01720|Tran & Tien Vu 2020]]). | ||
|Ongoing (2020) | |Ongoing (2020) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|2 Agriculture & aquaculture | |2 Agriculture & aquaculture | ||
|2.1 | |2.1.1 Shifting agriculture | ||
|Medium (30-70% of population affected) | |Medium (30-70% of population affected) | ||
|Shifting agriculture; slow but significant deterioration (KBA 2020). | |Shifting agriculture; slow but significant deterioration ([[#R01719|KBA 2020]]). | ||
|Ongoing (2020) | |Ongoing (2020) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 97: | Line 97: | ||
|4.1 Roads & railroads | |4.1 Roads & railroads | ||
|Low (up to 30% of population affected) | |Low (up to 30% of population affected) | ||
|Construction and upgrade of roads in the area (Hoang et al. 2010, KBA 2020). | |Construction and upgrade of roads in the area ([[#R01718|Hoang et al. 2010]], [[#R01719|KBA 2020]]). | ||
|Ongoing (2010) | |Ongoing (2010) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|5 Biological resource use | |5 Biological resource use | ||
|5.1 | |5.1.2 Unintentional effects | ||
|High (more than 70% of population affected) | |High (more than 70% of population affected) | ||
|Hunting with snares (other animals are targeted) (Hoang et al. 2010, KBA 2020). | |Hunting with snares (other animals are targeted) ([[#R01718|Hoang et al. 2010]], [[#R01719|KBA 2020]]). | ||
|2010-Ongoing (2020) | |2010-Ongoing (2020) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|5 Biological resource use | |5 Biological resource use | ||
|5.3 | |5.3.1 Subsistence logging | ||
|Present (unknown severity) | |Present (unknown severity) | ||
| | |[[#R01719|KBA 2020]] | ||
|Ongoing ( | |Ongoing (2020) | ||
|} | |} | ||
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= References = | = References = | ||
<span id="R01718"></span>Hoang, C., Trang, L., & Tinh, N. (2010). Technical Report on Wildlife hunting and Trading in Song Thanh Nature Reserve, Quang Nam Province, Vietnam. Interim report for phase 1 MacArthur foundation, Education for Nature, Ha Noi, Vietnam. | |||
<span id="R01719"></span>Key Biodiversity Areas Partnership (2020). Key Biodiversity Areas factsheet: Song Thanh. Extracted from the World Database of Key Biodiversity Areas. Developed by the Key Biodiversity Areas Partnership: BirdLife International, IUCN, American Bird Conservancy, Amphibian Survival Alliance, Conservation International, Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund, Global Environment Facility, Global Wildlife Conservation, NatureServe, Rainforest Trust, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, World Wildlife Fund and Wildlife Conservation Society. Downloaded from http://www.keybiodiversityareas.org/ on 14/12/2021. | |||
<span id="R01720"></span>Tran, D. V., & Vu, T. T. (2020). Combining species distribution modeling and distance sampling to assess wildlife population size: A case study with the northern yellow‐cheeked gibbon (Nomascus annamensis). ''American Journal of Primatology'', 82(9). [https://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.23169 doi:10.1002/ajp.23169] | |||
<span id="R01721"></span>USAID (2018). PA FACT SHEET SONG THANH NATURE RESERVE. Online: https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TSDW.pdf [https://web.archive.org/web/20250202014834/https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TSDW.pdf link] | |||
'''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2021-12-29 | '''Page created by: '''APES Atlas Team''' Date:''' 2021-12-29 | ||
Latest revision as of 16:31, 12 October 2026
Asia > Vietnam > Song Thanh Nature Reserve
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Summary
- Northern yellow‐cheeked gibbons (Nomascus annamensis) are present in Song Thanh Nature Reserve.
- It has been estimated that 443 (95% CI, 278–707) groups occur in the site.
- The gibbon population trend is unknown.
- The site has a total size of 765.93 km².
- Key threats to gibbons are illegal logging, agricultural expansion, and hunting.
- Conservation activities are not documented.
Site characteristics
Song Thanh Nature Reserve is located in Quang Nam Province, central Vietnam. The site is bordered by Highway 14D to the north, Highway AH17 to the south, Lao PDR to the west, and the Thanh river to the east (Van Tran & Tien Vu 2020). The forest cover is about 90% of the total area of the reserve. The topography of the area is complex, with altitudes ranging from 80 to 2,032 m above sea level (Van Tran & Tien Vu 2020). The reserve is a Key Biodiversity Area. Field surveys have documented 73 mammal species, 177 bird species, 118 reptile and amphibian species and 671 plant species at the site (USAID 2018). Species records include three mammals found only in this landscape; Owston’s civet, Chrotogale owstoni, the Annamite striped rabbit, Nesolagus timminsi, and the large-antlered muntjac, Muntiacus vuquangensis (USAID).
Table 1. Basic site information for Song Thanh Nature Reserve
| Species | Nomascus annamensis |
| Area | 765.93 km² |
| Coordinates | Lat: 15.546228 , Lon: 107.482601 |
| Type of site | Protected area (Nature Reserve) |
| Habitat types | Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest, Subtropical/tropical heavily degraded former forest |
| Type of governance |
Types of sites Governance types Habitat types
Ape status
A 2019 survey determined a total suitable habitat for gibbons of 302.32 sq.km (Van Tran & Tien Vu 2020). The survey team detected 36 gibbon groups through field surveys and estimated 443 (95% CI, 278–707) gibbon groups in Song Thanh Nature Reserve. The results indicate that the gibbon population in Song Thanh Nature Reserve is the largest known population of N. annamensis in Vietnam (Van Tran & Tien Vu 2020). Furthermore, it was estimated that the total area of suitable habitat for the northern yellow‐cheeked gibbon was 302.32 km2, or 39.47% of the reserve's area (Van Tran & Tien Vu 2020).
Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Song Thanh Nature Reserve
| Species | Year | Total number groups (95% CI) | Density [groups/km²] (95% CI) | Total number indiv. (95% CI) | Area | Method | Source | Comments | A.P.E.S. database ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nomascus annamensis | 2019 | 1.46 group/km2 (95% CI, 0.92-2.34) | 443 (95% CI, 278-707) | Song Thanh Nature Reserve | Fixed point triangulation | Van Tran & Tien Vu 2020 |
Sampling methods Analytical frameworks
Threats
The density distribution of gibbons at the site has been shown to be influenced by the distance to villages (Van Tran & Tien Vu 2020). Local people depend heavily on forest resources. Activities such as illegal logging, wildlife trapping, shifting cultivation and wood collection are the main threats to wildlife in the reserve; especially hunting and trade of wildlife (Hoang et al. 2010).
Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Song Thanh Nature Reserve
| Category | Specific threats | Threat level | Description | Year of threat |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Residential & commercial development | 1.1 Residential areas | Present (unknown severity) | The density distribution of gibbons at the site has been shown to be influenced by the distance to villages (Van Tran & Tien Vu 2020). | Ongoing (2020) |
| 2 Agriculture & aquaculture | 2.1.1 Shifting agriculture | Medium (30-70% of population affected) | Shifting agriculture; slow but significant deterioration (KBA 2020). | Ongoing (2020) |
| 4 Transportation & service corridors | 4.1 Roads & railroads | Low (up to 30% of population affected) | Construction and upgrade of roads in the area (Hoang et al. 2010, KBA 2020). | Ongoing (2010) |
| 5 Biological resource use | 5.1.2 Unintentional effects | High (more than 70% of population affected) | Hunting with snares (other animals are targeted) (Hoang et al. 2010, KBA 2020). | 2010-Ongoing (2020) |
| 5 Biological resource use | 5.3.1 Subsistence logging | Present (unknown severity) | KBA 2020 | Ongoing (2020) |
Conservation activities
Challenges
Table 5. Challenges reported for Song Thanh Nature Reserve
| Challenges | Specific challenges | Source | Year(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Not reported |
Enablers
Table 6. Enablers reported for Song Thanh Nature Reserve
| Enablers | Specific enablers | Source | Year(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Site management | |||
| 2 Resources and capacity | |||
| 3 Engaged community | |||
| 4 Institutional support | |||
| 5 Ecological context | |||
| 6 Safety and stability |
Research activities
Documented behaviours
Table 7. Behaviours documented for Song Thanh Nature Reserve
| Category | Behavior | Observation type | Prevalence | Observation dates | Source | Habituation | Species | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not reported |
Exposure to climate change impacts
External links
References
Hoang, C., Trang, L., & Tinh, N. (2010). Technical Report on Wildlife hunting and Trading in Song Thanh Nature Reserve, Quang Nam Province, Vietnam. Interim report for phase 1 MacArthur foundation, Education for Nature, Ha Noi, Vietnam.
Key Biodiversity Areas Partnership (2020). Key Biodiversity Areas factsheet: Song Thanh. Extracted from the World Database of Key Biodiversity Areas. Developed by the Key Biodiversity Areas Partnership: BirdLife International, IUCN, American Bird Conservancy, Amphibian Survival Alliance, Conservation International, Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund, Global Environment Facility, Global Wildlife Conservation, NatureServe, Rainforest Trust, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, World Wildlife Fund and Wildlife Conservation Society. Downloaded from http://www.keybiodiversityareas.org/ on 14/12/2021.
Tran, D. V., & Vu, T. T. (2020). Combining species distribution modeling and distance sampling to assess wildlife population size: A case study with the northern yellow‐cheeked gibbon (Nomascus annamensis). American Journal of Primatology, 82(9). doi:10.1002/ajp.23169
USAID (2018). PA FACT SHEET SONG THANH NATURE RESERVE. Online: https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00TSDW.pdf link
Page created by: APES Atlas Team Date: 2021-12-29