Usun Apau National Park: Difference between revisions
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= Summary = | = Summary = | ||
<div style='float: right'>{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers=OpenStreetMap,OpenTopoMap|2.916324, 114.665293~[[Usun Apau National Park]]~''Pongo | <div style='float: right'>{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers=OpenStreetMap,OpenTopoMap|2.916324, 114.665293~[[Usun Apau National Park]]~''Pongo pygmaeus''}}</div> | ||
* | * Bornean orangutans (''Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus'') are present in Usun Apau National Park. | ||
* The population size is unknown. | * The population size is unknown. | ||
* The population trend is unknown. | * The population trend is unknown. | ||
| Line 20: | Line 16: | ||
= Site characteristics = | = Site characteristics = | ||
Usun Apau National Park is described as pristine area known for its waterfalls. The government aims to develop ecotourism at Usun Apau National Park (Sarawak Tribune 2022). Usun Apau was also proposed to be included in the extension of the Heart of Borneo as part of Extended Baram Complex (Mathai et al. 2016). Other species such as ''Presbytis hosei'' and ''Presbytis rubicunda ignita'' are found in this national park (Ang et al.2024). | Usun Apau National Park is described as pristine area known for its waterfalls. The government aims to develop ecotourism at Usun Apau National Park ([[#R01869|Sarawak Tribune 2022]]). Usun Apau was also proposed to be included in the extension of the Heart of Borneo as part of Extended Baram Complex ([[#R01868|Mathai et al. 2016]]). Other species such as ''Presbytis hosei'' and ''Presbytis rubicunda ignita'' are found in this national park (Ang et al.2024). | ||
'''Table 1. Basic site information for Usun Apau National Park''' | '''Table 1. Basic site information for Usun Apau National Park''' | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table" | ||
|Species | |Species | ||
|''Pongo | |''Pongo pygmaeus'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Area | |Area | ||
| Line 46: | Line 42: | ||
= Ape status = | = Ape status = | ||
As the site is located near the presumed distribution boundary between ''P. p. pygmaeus'' and ''P. p. morio'', the subspecies observed there cannot be determined with certainty ([[#R01866|Ampeng et al. 2021]]). | |||
'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Usun Apau National Park''' | '''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Usun Apau National Park''' | ||
| Line 63: | Line 59: | ||
!A.P.E.S. database ID | !A.P.E.S. database ID | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |'Pongo pygmaeus'' | ||
|2017-2020 | |2017-2020 | ||
|Absent | |Absent | ||
| Line 72: | Line 68: | ||
|Aerial (drones/plane/helicopter) | |Aerial (drones/plane/helicopter) | ||
| | | | ||
|Ampeng et al. 2021 | |[[#R01866|Ampeng et al. 2021]] | ||
|Aerial surveys fitted with FLIR-cameras were unable to confirm the presence of additional nests from daytime aerial photographs. | |Aerial surveys fitted with FLIR-cameras were unable to confirm the presence of additional nests from daytime aerial photographs. | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |'Pongo pygmaeus'' | ||
|2017-2020 | |2017-2020 | ||
|Present | |Present | ||
| Line 85: | Line 81: | ||
|Line transects | |Line transects | ||
| | | | ||
|Ampeng et al. 2021 | |[[#R01866|Ampeng et al. 2021]] | ||
|The survey using line transects found one individual Bornean orangutan and 4 orangutan nests. | |The survey using line transects found one individual Bornean orangutan and 4 orangutan nests. | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 109: | Line 105: | ||
= Research activities = | = Research activities = | ||
There was an expedition in Usun Apau Plateau by an Oxford University in 1955 (Arnold 1957). The expedition explored the plateau and also conducted archaelogical excavations from old longhouses | There was an expedition in Usun Apau Plateau by an Oxford University in 1955 (Arnold 1957). The expedition explored the plateau and also conducted archaelogical excavations from old longhouses. | ||
= Documented behaviours = | = Documented behaviours = | ||
| Line 125: | Line 121: | ||
= References = | = References = | ||
Ampeng, A., Liam, J., Simpson, B., Traelholt, C., Nor, S | <span id="R01866"></span>Ampeng, A., Liam, J., Simpson, B., Traelholt, C., Md Nor, S., Abdan-Saleman, M. S. B., …, & Md-Zain, B. M. (2021). First Bornean orangutan sighting in Usun Apau National Park, Sarawak. ''Biodiversity Data Journal'', 9. [https://doi.org/10.3897/bdj.9.e60753 doi:10.3897/bdj.9.e60753] | ||
<span id="R01867"></span>Ang, A., Brandon-Jones, D., Ruppert, N., Lee, Z. H., Affendi, A., Stanly Anyie, Y., Boonratana, R., Cheyne, S. M., Chua, A., Hayunieta, Irawan, A., Jerusalinsky, L., Karuniawati, A., Khalid, S., Koh, J., Lee, C., Lhota, S., Lwin, N., Mittermeier, R. A., … Roos, C. (2024). Asian langurs (Presbytis) conservation action plan 2024–2034. IUCN. https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/51546 | |||
<span id="R01868"></span>Mathai, J., Duckworth, J. W., Meijaard, E., Fredriksson, G., Hon, J., Sebastian, A., … Wilting, A. (2016). Carnivore conservation planning on Borneo: Identifying key carnivore landscapes, research priorities and conservation interventions. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. | |||
<span id="R01869"></span>Sarawak Tribune. (2022). Government to develop Usun Apau as tourist attraction. https://www.newsarawaktribune.com.my/government-to-develop-usun-apau-as-tourist-attraction/ [https://web.archive.org/web/20230312195543/https://www.newsarawaktribune.com.my/government-to-develop-usun-apau-as-tourist-attraction/ link] | |||
'''Page created by: '''Cristiar Samosir''' Date:''' 2024-11-26 13:43:00 | |||
'''Page updated by: '''APES Atlas team''' Date:''' 2026-03-16 | |||
'''Page | |||
Latest revision as of 16:31, 12 October 2026
Asia > Malaysia > Usun Apau National Park
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Summary
- Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus) are present in Usun Apau National Park.
- The population size is unknown.
- The population trend is unknown.
Site characteristics
Usun Apau National Park is described as pristine area known for its waterfalls. The government aims to develop ecotourism at Usun Apau National Park (Sarawak Tribune 2022). Usun Apau was also proposed to be included in the extension of the Heart of Borneo as part of Extended Baram Complex (Mathai et al. 2016). Other species such as Presbytis hosei and Presbytis rubicunda ignita are found in this national park (Ang et al.2024).
Table 1. Basic site information for Usun Apau National Park
| Species | Pongo pygmaeus |
| Area | 471.22 km² |
| Coordinates | Lat: 2.916324 , Lon: 114.665293 |
| Type of site | Protected area (National Park) |
| Habitat types | Subtropical/tropical moist montane forest, Rocky areas (inland cliffs, mountain peaks) |
| Type of governance | Governance by government |
Types of sites Governance types Habitat types
Ape status
As the site is located near the presumed distribution boundary between P. p. pygmaeus and P. p. morio, the subspecies observed there cannot be determined with certainty (Ampeng et al. 2021).
Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Usun Apau National Park
| Species | Year | Occurrence | Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day) | Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI) | Abundance estimate (95% CI) | Survey area | Sampling method | Analytical framework | Source | Comments | A.P.E.S. database ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 'Pongo pygmaeus | 2017-2020 | Absent | Aerial (drones/plane/helicopter) | Ampeng et al. 2021 | Aerial surveys fitted with FLIR-cameras were unable to confirm the presence of additional nests from daytime aerial photographs. | ||||||
| 'Pongo pygmaeus | 2017-2020 | Present | Line transects | Ampeng et al. 2021 | The survey using line transects found one individual Bornean orangutan and 4 orangutan nests. |
Sampling methods Analytical frameworks
Threats
Conservation activities
Challenges
Enablers
Research activities
There was an expedition in Usun Apau Plateau by an Oxford University in 1955 (Arnold 1957). The expedition explored the plateau and also conducted archaelogical excavations from old longhouses.
Documented behaviours
Exposure to climate change impacts
External links
References
Ampeng, A., Liam, J., Simpson, B., Traelholt, C., Md Nor, S., Abdan-Saleman, M. S. B., …, & Md-Zain, B. M. (2021). First Bornean orangutan sighting in Usun Apau National Park, Sarawak. Biodiversity Data Journal, 9. doi:10.3897/bdj.9.e60753
Ang, A., Brandon-Jones, D., Ruppert, N., Lee, Z. H., Affendi, A., Stanly Anyie, Y., Boonratana, R., Cheyne, S. M., Chua, A., Hayunieta, Irawan, A., Jerusalinsky, L., Karuniawati, A., Khalid, S., Koh, J., Lee, C., Lhota, S., Lwin, N., Mittermeier, R. A., … Roos, C. (2024). Asian langurs (Presbytis) conservation action plan 2024–2034. IUCN. https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/51546
Mathai, J., Duckworth, J. W., Meijaard, E., Fredriksson, G., Hon, J., Sebastian, A., … Wilting, A. (2016). Carnivore conservation planning on Borneo: Identifying key carnivore landscapes, research priorities and conservation interventions. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology.
Sarawak Tribune. (2022). Government to develop Usun Apau as tourist attraction. https://www.newsarawaktribune.com.my/government-to-develop-usun-apau-as-tourist-attraction/ link
Page created by: Cristiar Samosir Date: 2024-11-26 13:43:00
Page updated by: APES Atlas team Date: 2026-03-16