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= Summary =
= Summary =


<div style='float: right'>{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers=OpenStreetMap,OpenTopoMap|2.916324, 114.665293~[[Usun Apau National Park]]~''Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus''}}</div>
<div style='float: right'>{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers=OpenStreetMap,OpenTopoMap|2.916324, 114.665293~[[Usun Apau National Park]]~''Pongo pygmaeus''}}</div>
* Northwest Bornean orangutans (''Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus'') are present in Usun Apau National Park.
* Bornean orangutans (''Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus'') are present in Usun Apau National Park.
* The population size is unknown.
* The population size is unknown.
* The population trend is unknown.
* The population trend is unknown.




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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
|Species
|Species
|''Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus''
|''Pongo pygmaeus''
|-
|-
|Area
|Area
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= Ape status =
= Ape status =


 
As the site is located near the presumed distribution boundary between ''P. p. pygmaeus'' and ''P. p. morio'', the subspecies observed there cannot be determined with certainty (Ampeng et al. 2021).


'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Usun Apau National Park'''
'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Usun Apau National Park'''
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!A.P.E.S. database ID
!A.P.E.S. database ID
|-
|-
|''Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus''
|'Pongo pygmaeus''
|2017-2020
|2017-2020
|Absent
|Absent
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|
|
|-
|-
|''Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus''
|'Pongo pygmaeus''
|2017-2020
|2017-2020
|Present
|Present
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= Research activities =
= Research activities =


There was an expedition in Usun Apau Plateau by an Oxford University in 1955 (Arnold 1957). The expedition explored the plateau and also conducted archaelogical excavations from old longhouses.  Besides that, a study on dragonfly was also conducted in Usun Apau National Park in 2012, through collaboration between Naturalis Biodiversity Center, St Anne's Close and National Biodiversity Centre (Dow, Reels, and Ngiam 2015). They found 55 odonate species during the time period. WWF also documented Usun Apau National Park in their publication entitled "The Environmental Status of Borneo" published in 2017 (Wulffraat & Greenwood 2017).
There was an expedition in Usun Apau Plateau by an Oxford University in 1955 (Arnold 1957). The expedition explored the plateau and also conducted archaelogical excavations from old longhouses.


= Documented behaviours =
= Documented behaviours =
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= References =
= References =


Ampeng, A., Liam, J., Simpson, B., Traelholt, C., Nor, S. M., Abdan-Saleman, M. S. B., ... & Md-Zain, B. M. (2021). First Bornean orangutan sighting in Usun Apau National Park, Sarawak. Biodiversity Data Journal, 9.
Ampeng, A., Liam, J., Simpson, B., Traelholt, C., Nor, S. M., Abdan-Saleman, M. S. B., ... & Md-Zain, B. M. (2021). First Bornean orangutan sighting in Usun Apau National Park, Sarawak. Biodiversity data journal, 9, e60753. <br>
Ang, A., Brandon-Jones, D., Ruppert, N., Lee, Z. H., Affendi, A., Stanly Anyie, Y., Boonratana, R., Cheyne, S. M., Chua, A., Hayunieta, Irawan, A., Jerusalinsky, L., Karuniawati, A., Khalid, S., Koh, J., Lee, C., Lhota, S., Lwin, N., Mittermeier, R. A., … Roos, C. (2024). Asian langurs (Presbytis) conservation action plan 2024–2034. IUCN. https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/51546 <br>
Mathai, J., Duckworth, J. W., Meijaard, E., Fredriksson, G., Hon, J., Sebastian, A., ... & Wilting, A. (2016). Carnivore conservation planning on Borneo: identifying key carnivore landscapes, research priorities and conservation interventions. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. <br>
Sarawak Tribune. (2022). Government to develop Usun Apau as tourist attraction. https://www.newsarawaktribune.com.my/government-to-develop-usun-apau-as-tourist-attraction/ <br>






Ang, A., Brandon-Jones, D., Ruppert, N., Lee, Z. H., Affendi, A., Stanly Anyie, Y., Boonratana, R., Cheyne, S. M., Chua, A., Hayunieta, Irawan, A., Jerusalinsky, L., Karuniawati, A., Khalid, S., Koh, J., Lee, C., Lhota, S., Lwin, N., Mittermeier, R. A., … Roos, C. (2024). Asian langurs (Presbytis) conservation action plan 2024–2034. IUCN. https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/51546
'''Page created by: '''Cristiar Samosir''' Date:''' 2024-11-26 13:43:00


 
'''Page updated by: '''APES Atlas team''' Date:''' 2026-03-16
 
Dow, R. A., Reels, G. T., & Ngiam, R. W. (2015). Odonata collected at Usun Apau National Park, Miri Division, Sarawak, Malaysia in April and May 2012. International Dragonfly Fund: Report, 1-17.
 
 
 
Mathai, J., Duckworth, J. W., Meijaard, E., Fredriksson, G., Hon, J., Sebastian, A., ... & Wilting, A. (2016). Carnivore conservation planning on Borneo: identifying key carnivore landscapes, research priorities and conservation interventions. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology.
 
 
 
Sarawak Tribune. 2022. Government to develop Usun Apau as tourist attraction. https://www.newsarawaktribune.com.my/government-to-develop-usun-apau-as-tourist-attraction/
 
 
 
Wulffraat, S. and Greenwood, C. (2017). The environmental status of Borneo. WWF Heart of Borneo Programme.
 
 
 
'''Page created by: '''Cristiar Samosir''' Date:''' 2024-11-26 13:43:00

Revision as of 10:50, 25 March 2026

Asia > Malaysia > Usun Apau National Park

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Summary

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  • Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus) are present in Usun Apau National Park.
  • The population size is unknown.
  • The population trend is unknown.



Site characteristics

Usun Apau National Park is described as pristine area known for its waterfalls. The government aims to develop ecotourism at Usun Apau National Park (Sarawak Tribune 2022). Usun Apau was also proposed to be included in the extension of the Heart of Borneo as part of Extended Baram Complex (Mathai et al. 2016). Other species such as Presbytis hosei and Presbytis rubicunda ignita are found in this national park (Ang et al.2024).

Table 1. Basic site information for Usun Apau National Park

Species Pongo pygmaeus
Area 471.22 km²
Coordinates Lat: 2.916324 , Lon: 114.665293
Type of site Protected area (National Park)
Habitat types Subtropical/tropical moist montane forest, Rocky areas (inland cliffs, mountain peaks)
Type of governance Governance by government

Types of sites Governance types Habitat types

Ape status

As the site is located near the presumed distribution boundary between P. p. pygmaeus and P. p. morio, the subspecies observed there cannot be determined with certainty (Ampeng et al. 2021).

Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Usun Apau National Park

Species Year Occurrence Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day) Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI) Abundance estimate (95% CI) Survey area Sampling method Analytical framework Source Comments A.P.E.S. database ID
'Pongo pygmaeus 2017-2020 Absent Aerial (drones/plane/helicopter) Ampeng et al. 2021 Aerial surveys fitted with FLIR-cameras were unable to confirm the presence of additional nests from daytime aerial photographs.
'Pongo pygmaeus 2017-2020 Present Line transects Ampeng et al. 2021 The survey using line transects found one individual Bornean orangutan and 4 orangutan nests.

Sampling methods Analytical frameworks

Threats

Conservation activities

Challenges

Enablers

Research activities

There was an expedition in Usun Apau Plateau by an Oxford University in 1955 (Arnold 1957). The expedition explored the plateau and also conducted archaelogical excavations from old longhouses.

Documented behaviours

Exposure to climate change impacts

External links

References

Ampeng, A., Liam, J., Simpson, B., Traelholt, C., Nor, S. M., Abdan-Saleman, M. S. B., ... & Md-Zain, B. M. (2021). First Bornean orangutan sighting in Usun Apau National Park, Sarawak. Biodiversity data journal, 9, e60753.
Ang, A., Brandon-Jones, D., Ruppert, N., Lee, Z. H., Affendi, A., Stanly Anyie, Y., Boonratana, R., Cheyne, S. M., Chua, A., Hayunieta, Irawan, A., Jerusalinsky, L., Karuniawati, A., Khalid, S., Koh, J., Lee, C., Lhota, S., Lwin, N., Mittermeier, R. A., … Roos, C. (2024). Asian langurs (Presbytis) conservation action plan 2024–2034. IUCN. https://portals.iucn.org/library/node/51546
Mathai, J., Duckworth, J. W., Meijaard, E., Fredriksson, G., Hon, J., Sebastian, A., ... & Wilting, A. (2016). Carnivore conservation planning on Borneo: identifying key carnivore landscapes, research priorities and conservation interventions. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology.
Sarawak Tribune. (2022). Government to develop Usun Apau as tourist attraction. https://www.newsarawaktribune.com.my/government-to-develop-usun-apau-as-tourist-attraction/


Page created by: Cristiar Samosir Date: 2024-11-26 13:43:00

Page updated by: APES Atlas team Date: 2026-03-16

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