Summary

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Southwest Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) are present in Gunung Tarak Protected Forest.
The orangutan population size is unknown.
The orangutan population trend is unknown.
The total site area is 240 km².
The main reported threats are forest fires, land clearing, and human wildlife conflict.
The main conservation activities have focused on awareness raising, educating the community, rehabilitating natural habitats, and mitigating human wildlife conflicts.

Site characteristics

Table 1. Basic site information for Gunung Tarak Protected Forest

Species	Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii
Area	240 km²
Coordinates	Lat: -0.947856 , Lon: 110.025818
Type of site	Protected area (Protection Forest)
Habitat types	Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest
Type of governance	Governance by government

Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Gunung Tarak Protected Forest

Species	Year	Occurrence	Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)	Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)	Abundance estimate (95% CI)	Survey area	Sampling method	Analytical framework	Source	Comments	A.P.E.S. database ID
Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii

Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Gunung Tarak Protected Forest

Category	Specific threats	Threat level	Description	Year of threat
2 Agriculture & aquaculture	2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops	Present (unknown severity)	In 2014, land was cleared for agricultural plantations (International Animal Rescue 2024).	2014
5 Biological resource use	5.1.5 Persecution/human wildlife conflict	Present (unknown severity)	Human wildlife conflict reported, but details are unknown (Sherman et al. 2022).	Ongoing (2022)
7 Natural system modifications	7.1 Fire & fire suppression	Present (unknown severity)	In 2014, forest fires were reported in the site (International Animal Rescue 2024).	2014

Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Gunung Tarak Protected Forest

Category	Specific activity	Description	Implementing organization(s)	Year of activity
5 Protection & restoration	5.2 Legally protect ape habitat	Gunung Tarak Protected Forest has held protected area status since 1998 (Sherman et al. 2022).		1998-Ongoing (2022)
5 Protection & restoration	5.6 Habitat restoration	The International Animal Rescue team, in collaboration with Gunung Palung National Park and Unity Forest Management, has undertaken habitat restoration efforts in the Gunung Tarak Protected Forest. These activities include reforestation aimed at revitalizing the natural ecosystems and biodiversity lost due to forest fires and land clearing in 2014 (Sherman et al. 2022, International Animal Rescue 2024).	International Animal Rescue, Gunung Palung National Park, Unity Forest Management	2022-Ongoing (2024)
2 Counter-wildlife crime	Other	Mitigation of human wildlife conflict activities were reported, but details are unknown (Sherman et al. 2022).		Ongoing (2022)
4 Education & awareness	Other	Community outreach and capacity building (Sherman et al. 2022).		Ongoing (2022)

Sherman, J., Voigt, M., Ancrenaz, M., Wich, S. A., Qomariah, I. N., Lyman, E., Massingham, E., & Meijaard, E. (2022). Orangutan killing and trade in Indonesia: Wildlife crime, enforcement, and deterrence patterns. Biological Conservation, 276, 109744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109744
International Animal Rescue. (2024, April 23). Our team carries out reforestation activities in Gunung Tarak Forest in celebration of Earth Day. https://www.internationalanimalrescue.org/news/our-team-carries-out-reforestation-activities-gunung-tarak-forest-celebration-earth-day

Page created by: Aime Mizero Date: 2025-06-04